The distribution of pelagic tars and plastics in the south Atlantic bight

Dolah, Robert F. Van; Burrell, Victor G.; West, Susan

doi:10.1016/0025-326x(80)90281-7

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mesh sizes ranged from 0.053 to 3 mm, with a majority of the studies (42%) ranging from 0.30 to 0.39 mm (Table ). The net aperture for rectangular openings of neuston nets (sea surface) ranged from 0.03 to 2.0 m 2 . , For circular-bongo nets (water column) the net aperture ranged from 0.79 to 1.58 m 2 . , The length of the net for sea surface samples was mentioned in 14 studies, varying from 1.0 to 8.5 m, with most nets being 3.0 to 4.5 m long. The length of the net for water column samples was only specified in one study that used two different sampling devices: 3 m long bongo nets and an epibenthic sled with a net that was 1 m long …”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small particles of plastic were first reported in the marine environment in the early 1970s. , The objectives of subsequent studies were variable, with a majority of studies that examined the spatial distribution (abundance, mass, type, and/or size) of microplastics − (Table ). The objectives of other studies were to confirm the presence of microplastics in other locations, , compare different sampling and sorting methods, , and estimate proportions of microplastics versus macroplastics or versus zooplankton .…”

Section: Objectives Of Studies On Marine Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The net aperture for rectangular openings of neuston nets (sea surface) ranged from 0.03 to 2.0 m 2 . 31,37 For circular-bongo nets (water column) the net aperture ranged from 0.79 to 1.58 m 2 . 20,65 The length of the net for sea surface samples was mentioned in 14 studies, varying from 1.0 to 8.5 m, with most nets being 3.0 to 4.5 m long.…”

Section: ■ Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in the Marine Environment: A Review of the Methods Used for Identification and Quantification

Hidalgo‐Ruz

Gutow

Thompson

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

4,093

2,017

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This review of 68 studies compares the methodologies used for the identification and quantification of microplastics from the marine environment. Three main sampling strategies were identified: selective, volume-reduced, and bulk sampling. Most sediment samples came from sandy beaches at the high tide line, and most seawater samples were taken at the sea surface using neuston nets. Four steps were distinguished during sample processing: density separation, filtration, sieving, and visual sorting of microplastics. Visual sorting was one of the most commonly used methods for the identification of microplastics (using type, shape, degradation stage, and color as criteria). Chemical and physical characteristics (e.g., specific density) were also used. The most reliable method to identify the chemical composition of microplastics is by infrared spectroscopy. Most studies reported that plastic fragments were polyethylene and polypropylene polymers. Units commonly used for abundance estimates are "items per m(2)" for sediment and sea surface studies and "items per m(3)" for water column studies. Mesh size of sieves and filters used during sampling or sample processing influence abundance estimates. Most studies reported two main size ranges of microplastics: (i) 500 μm-5 mm, which are retained by a 500 μm sieve/net, and (ii) 1-500 μm, or fractions thereof that are retained on filters. We recommend that future programs of monitoring continue to distinguish these size fractions, but we suggest standardized sampling procedures which allow the spatiotemporal comparison of microplastic abundance across marine environments.

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Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objectives Of Studies On Marine Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in the Marine Environment: A Review of the Methods Used for Identification and Quantification

Hidalgo‐Ruz

Gutow

Thompson

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

4,093

2,017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These results are probably related to the proximity to urban areas and river runoff (Frias et al 2014), which is similar to the trend seen in the Pacific. Following a MARMAP cruise in the south Atlantic, microplastic beads were present in 14.6-34.2 % of tows conducted (van Dolah et al 1980). Pelagic subsurface plankton samples from a geographically isolated archipelago, Saint Peter and Saint Paul, were not free of microplastic fragments.…”

Section: Microplastics In the Atlantic Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Distribution, Interactions and Effects

Lusher

2015

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

363

326

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Microplastics are an emerging marine pollutant. It is important to understand their distribution in the marine environment and their implications on marine habitats and marine biota. Microplastics have been found in almost every marine habitat around the world, with plastic composition and environmental conditions significantly affecting their distribution. Marine biota interact with microplastics including birds, fish, turtles, mammals and invertebrates. The biological repercussions depend on to the size of microplastics encountered, with smaller sizes having greater effects on organisms at the cellular level. In the micrometre range plastics are readily ingested and egested, whereas nanometre-sized plastics can pass through cell membranes. Despite concerns raised by ingestion, the effects of microplastic ingestion in natural populations and the implications for food webs are not understood. Without knowledge of retention and egestion rates of field populations, it is difficult to deduce ecological consequences. There is evidence to suggest that microplastics enter food chains and there is trophic transfer between predators and prey. What is clear is that further research on a variety of marine organisms is required to understand the environmental implications of microplastics in more detail and to establish effects in natural populations.

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“…These results are probably related to the proximity to urban areas and river runoff , which is similar to the trend seen in the Pacific. Following a MARMAP cruise in the south Atlantic, microplastic beads were present in 14.6-34.2 % of tows conducted (van Dolah et al 1980). Pelagic subsurface plankton samples from a geographically isolated archipelago, Saint Peter and Saint Paul, were not free of microplastic fragments.…”

Section: Microplastics In the Atlantic Oceanmentioning

confidence: 98%

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

2022

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

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concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

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The distribution of pelagic tars and plastics in the south Atlantic bight

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Microplastics in the Marine Environment: A Review of the Methods Used for Identification and Quantification

Microplastics in the Marine Environment: A Review of the Methods Used for Identification and Quantification

Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Distribution, Interactions and Effects

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

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