The distribution of sexually-transmitted Human Papillomaviruses in HIV positive and negative patients in Zambia, Africa

Ng'andwe, Christopher; Lowe, John J.; Richards, Paula J.; Hause, Lara; Wood, Charles; Angeletti, Peter C.

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-7-77

Cited by 65 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Studies in various regions of the world have shown that women infected with HIV are at an increased risk for cervical cancer precursor lesions. The percentage of HIV positive patients with CIN is variable but has been reported to be as high as 30% in African studies where the prevalence of HIV itself is quite high (Christopher et al, 2007). Weissborn et al (2003) found HIV infection to be associated with significantly high HPV loads and cervical dysplasia, with the highest load in advanced disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology among human immuno- deficiency virus (HIV) positive women in Northern India

Pundhir¹,

Mala²,

Tripathi³

et al. 2014

J. AIDS HIV Res.

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Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a higher risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)which may progress to cancer. Hence, it is important to screen all HIV positive women for this cancer which is amenable to cure in early stages. A cross sectional case-control study was conducted on 100 HIV seropositive women and matched seronegative controls attending Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi to study the prevalence of HPV infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology. A detailed cervical evaluation including a per-speculum examination, pap smear, cervical scrape for HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid, colposcopy and guided biopsy were done. Abnormal pap smears were found in 63% women of which 10% were squamous intraepithelial lesions. Biopsy revealed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 2% of all cases (5.6% of all patients biopsied). Prevalence of HPV in HIV positives was 24% compared to 4% in controls (p value 0.001), also bearing a significant correlation with CIN, thus placing HIV positives at a higher risk for cervical dysplasias and cancer. The sensitivity of HPV DNA test for detection of cervical dysplasias was 86.3% and specificity 64.2%. HIV positivity predisposes to invasive cervical cancer on account of immunosuppression and co-existing HPV infection, thereby the need for aggressive screening for cervical intraepithelial lesions. Both HPV DNA PCR and pap smear are optimal screening tools in these women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology among human immuno- deficiency virus (HIV) positive women in Northern India

Pundhir¹,

Mala²,

Tripathi³

et al. 2014

J. AIDS HIV Res.

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“…The reported age pattern of HPV prevalence differs from one country to another, but the predominant reported pattern shows an early peak in the young age groups, soon after the start of sexual intercourse [25][26][27][28], followed by a steady decline in middle age, after clearance of a large proportion of acquired infections, and a steady state in the age group 40 and above [17,[29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, as previously suggested, women in developing countries, like Ghana, Nigeria and India, may have decreased ability to clear HPV infections, possibly due to concomitant genital infections or nutritional deficiencies, since the development of an efficient immune response against HPV acquired over age is the generally accepted reason for the decline in HPV prevalence observed in other populations [7]. The groups of women who remain persistent carriers of HPV by middle age are now considered the high-risk group for cervical cancer [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of High Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Types in Cervical Smears of Women Attending Well Woman Clinic in Ile Ife, Nigeria

GO¹

2013

Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale)

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This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence of cervical infection with High risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in cervical smears of women attending the Well Woman Clinic of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife. This is a community based clinic where women are screened for cervical, breast and other female related diseases. This is a prospective cross-sectional observational study. Information was obtained through personal interviews using structured questionnaire. Cervical samples were collected from 118 consenting women visiting the clinic during the study period. Conventional Pap smear was obtained and smear results were classified using Bethesda classification, 2001.HPV DNA was detected using the hybribio 21 HPV Geno array test kit which uses Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), amplification and flow through hybridization.The data obtained were analyzed using simple and inferential statistics.The mean age of the participants was 42.9 years (SD ± 10.9). A total of nine different HR-HPV types were identified with an HPV prevalence of 21.6% overall and 22.7% among women with cervical lesions. The predominant HR-HPV types were HPV 16, 53, 18 and 52. In all, 41.7% of the infections involved more than one HPV type. Unlike in most populations studied so far, HPV prevalence was high not only among young women, but also in middle and old age. It was also observed that the prevalence of HR-HPV increases with parity.This study shows that HPV 53 is the second most common type after HPV 16 in our environment. High prevalence of HR-HPV in all age group may be a distinctive feature of our population of women where HPV transmission continues into the middle age and cervical cancer incidence is very high.

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“…The combination of prevention control strategy, 1 u , and screening control strategy, 3 u , are used to optimize objective functional while setting treatment control strategy, 2 u , equal to zero. Results illustrate that the population of susceptible individuals increases (see Figure 2: A) while the population of infected individuals decreases (see Figure 2: B-J).…”

Section: Strategy Ii: Combination Of Prevention Control Strategy and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that HIV-infected women after being infected with HPV infection have a high risk to progress to HPV-related cervical diseases and invasive cervical cancer than women without having HIV infection [1,2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Cancer and HIV Diseases Co-dynamics with Optimal Control and Cost Effectiveness

Sanga¹

2017

PAMJ

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The deterministic model for co-infection of cervical cancer and HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) diseases is formulated and rigorously analyzed. The optimal control theory is employed to the model to study the level of effort is needed to control the transmission of co-infection of cervical cancer and HIV diseases using three controls; prevention, screening and treatment control strategies. Numerical solutions show a remarkable decrease of infected individuals with HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection, cervical cancer, cervical cancer and HIV, cervical cancer and AIDS (Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome), HIV infection and AIDS after applying the combination of the optimal prevention, screening and treatment control strategies. However, Incremental Cost-Effective Ratio (ICER) shows that the best control strategy of minimizing cervical cancer among HIV-infected individuals with low cost is to use the combination of prevention and treatment control strategies.

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The distribution of sexually-transmitted Human Papillomaviruses in HIV positive and negative patients in Zambia, Africa

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology among human immuno- deficiency virus (HIV) positive women in Northern India

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology among human immuno- deficiency virus (HIV) positive women in Northern India

Prevalence of High Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Types in Cervical Smears of Women Attending Well Woman Clinic in Ile Ife, Nigeria

Cervical Cancer and HIV Diseases Co-dynamics with Optimal Control and Cost Effectiveness

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