The distribution of species and susceptibility of amphotericin B and fluconazole of yeast pathogens isolated from sterile sites in Taiwan

Abstract

To study the demographic changes of yeasts causing invasive infections in Taiwan, especially with respect to species distribution and antifungal susceptibility, we analyzed isolates obtained from four sterile sites of patients in 19 hospitals in 2002 (155 strains) and again from the same hospitals in 2006 (208 strains). Blood was the most common source of the yeasts, accounting for 73.8% of the total isolates, followed by ascites (21.5%), cerebrospinal fluid (3%), and synovia (1.7%). Candida albicans was the most frequently recovered species (50.1% of the total), followed by Candida tropicalis (20.7%), Candida glabrata (11.6%), Candida parapsilosis (8.5%), Cryptococcus neoformans (3.9%), Candida krusei (0.8%), and nine other species (4.3%). There were one (0.3%) and seven (1.9%) isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amphotericin B > or =2 mg/l after 24 h and 48 h incubation, respectively. In addition, there were 15 (4.3%) and 31 (8.6%) isolates with MICs of fluconazole > or =64 mg/l under the same conditions. The MIC(90) value of amphotericin B was 1 mg/l. The MIC(90) values of fluconazole were 4 mg/l after 24 h incubation and 32 mg/l after 48 h incubation. Interestingly, MICs for fluconazole > or =64 mg/l after 24 h were significantly higher for isolates obtained in 2006 than those in 2002 after 24 h (7.1% vs. 0.7%, p =0.009) and 48 h (13.5% vs. 2%, p =0.0003) incubations. The demographic difference between these two surveys is mainly due to one species, C. tropicalis.

High Incidences of Invasive Fungal Infections in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Receiving Induction Chemotherapy without Systemic Antifungal Prophylaxis: A Prospective Observational Study in Taiwan

“…albicans . This distribution is significantly different from other epidemiological analyses of invasive candidiasis from Taiwan[ 24 , 25 ]. However, another recently reported study showed similar findings and stated that neutropenia is correlated with non- albican Candida infections[ 26 ].…”

Minimum inhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B against Candida krusei isolates from a French teaching hospital laboratory: a retrospective study over 8 years

“…13 In the Taiwanese TSARY study (data from 1999 to 2006), MIC 90 values were never above 2 lg ml )1 . [14][15][16][17] Finally, among five strains that had caused severe infections, collected in 15 Venezuelan public health centres between 2006 and 2007, MICs were never above 0.5 lg ml )1 . 18 On the other hand, MICs of seven strains from four UK dental hospital departments (from 2000 to 2003) reached higher values than our results (MIC 50 = 1 lg ml )1 ; MIC 90 = 4 lg ml )1 ).…”

DS6: anticandidal, antibiofilm peptide against Candida tropicalis and exhibit synergy with commercial drug

“…Candida species are ranked fifth among hospital-acquired pathogens [2] and are the fourth most common causative pathogens of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSIs) [3]. Apart from Candida albicans, other non-albicans Candida, specifically Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis, causes fungal nosocomial bloodstream infections [4] and 50% of all non-superficial Candida infections [5]. Interest in the study of antifungal compounds has risen because of increased resistance of fungal pathogens to current antifungal drugs, as well as high levels of toxicity or adverse host reactions of other anti-infective agents.…”