The distribution of vitamin A in human liver

Olson, James-Allen; Gunning, Desiree B.; Tilton, R A

doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.12.2500

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…37 By comparison, human hepatic RE concentrations ranged from 0.008 to 2.86 μmol/g in 12 surgical biopsies from patients in France, 47 0.049 to 0.56 μmol/g in 11 healthy surgical patients in the United States, 16 0.13 to 6.31 μmol/g in 77 generally healthy men and women at autopsy, 42 and 0 to 1.97 μmol/g in 15 children and adults at autopsy. 36 Overall, hepatic α-vitamin A concentrations in our vervets ranged from 0.1 to 2.7 μmol/g liver, a generally similar range as for hepatic vitamin A concentrations in humans; 16,42,46 however, α-vitamin A concentrations were not measured in cited human studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Hepatic Vitamin A Concentrations in Vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) Supplemented with Carotenoids Derived from Oil Palm

Mondloch

Tanumihardjo

Davis

et al. 2018

j am assoc lab anim sci

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Commonly used in biomedical research, vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) are omnivorous but primarily meet their vitamin A requirements from provitamin A carotenoids. Hypervitaminosis A has occurred in vervets that consume feed high in preformed vitamin A. We investigated the vitamin A status of vervets supplemented daily with various antioxidants derived from palm oil. Male vervets (n = 40) were placed for 23 wk on a high-fat diet (34.9% energy) containing 645 μ g retinol activity equivalents (RAE), with 515 μ g RAE from preformed vitamin A. Vervets were randomized to 5 treatments (duration, 20 mo): control; 100 mg d-α-tocopheryl acetate; 100 mg oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)-derived vitamin E; 50 mg oil palm-derived vitamin E + 50 mg carotenoid complex + unrestricted palm-derived water-soluble antioxidants; and 5) unrestricted water-soluble antioxidants. Livers (n = 38) were analyzed for vitamin A, α-retinol (α-vitamin A), and carotenoids. Median hepatic vitamin A and total carotenoid concentrations were 6.49 μ mol/g and 4.30 nmol/g, respectively. Compared with controls, vervets fed the carotenoid complex had higher hepatic vitamin A (11.9 ± 5.1 μ mol/g), α -vitamin A (1.3 ± 0.7 μ mol/g), α -carotene (11.5 ± 5.3 nmol/g), β-carotene (15.6 ± 8.6 nmol/g), and total carotenoids (28.1 ± 13.9 nmol/g) but lower lutein (0.66 ± 0.28 nmol/g) and zeaxanthin (0.24 ± 0.06 nmol). NHP may benefit from replacement of preformed vitamin A with carotenoids in feeds; however, bioconversion efficiency in these models should be investigated to determine optimal levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Hepatic Vitamin A Concentrations in Vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) Supplemented with Carotenoids Derived from Oil Palm

Mondloch

Tanumihardjo

Davis

et al. 2018

j am assoc lab anim sci

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“…Intraday CV was larger for tissue homogenates than for SRM 1950, 5–44%, suggesting that the poor precision relative to plasma was due to inhomogeneity within tissues and/or homogenate sampling. Vitamin D may be similar to vitamin A—another fat soluble vitamin—in that the distribution within a particular tissue is highly heterogenous, as the CV for vitamin A was shown to be as large as 63% in human liver and 31% in rat liver [27]. Therefore, applications of this method using biopsy samples should proceed with caution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in soft tissues by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Lipkie¹,

Janasch²,

Cooper³

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography B

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Inadequate data on tissue distribution of vitamin D and its metabolites remains a barrier to defining health outcomes of vitamin D intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for the analysis of vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), 25(OH)D2, and 25(OH)D3 in soft tissues, and determine distribution in select tissues from a dose-response study of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 in rats. Liver, gastrocnemius muscle, and epididymal fat homogenates were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization following liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, and derivatization with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD). A dose-response was observed in most tissues for vitamin D and 25(OH)D from both vitamers. Vitamin D concentration was greater in epididymal fat than gastrocnemius muscle and liver, but 25(OH)D concentration was not significantly different between tissues. Soft tissues of rats fed crystalline vitamin D3 had higher concentrations of total vitamin D than those of rats fed yeast-derived vitamin D2, while total 25(OH)D concentrations were similar between vitamin D sources. This method is well suited to more complete studies of vitamin D bioavailability and metabolite tissue distribution.

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“…42 In addition, autopsy studies have demonstrated that needle biopsies from different parts of the liver yield vastly different vitamin A concentrations. 43 Because of these difficulties in interpreting vitamin A stores directly in liver specimens, we believe the functional test of vitamin A reserves, the RDR, 15,16 is a more accurate (and certainly more feasible) means of assessing vitamin A status in the presence of chronic liver disease. Using this measure to define vitamin A status in our study, the serum retinol concentration appeared to be an excellent initial screening test to detect vitamin A deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Indices of Vitamin A Status in Children With Chronic Liver Disease *

et al. 2005

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Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins is a major complication of chronic cholestatic liver disease. The most accurate way to assess vitamin A status in children who have cholestasis is unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of noninvasive tests to detect vitamin A deficiency. Children with chronic cholestatic liver disease (n ‫؍‬ 23) and noncholestatic liver disease (n ‫؍‬ 10) were studied. Ten cholestatic patients were identified as vitamin A-deficient based on the relative dose response (RDR). Compared with the RDR, the sensitivity and specificity to detect vitamin A deficiency for each test was, respectively: serum retinol, 90% and 78%; retinolbinding protein (RBP), 40% and 91%; retinol/RBP molar ratio, 60% and 74%; conjunctival impression cytology, 44% and 48%; slit-lamp examination, 20% and 66%; tear film break-up time, 40% and 69%; and Schirmer's test, 20% and 78%. We developed a modified oral RDR via oral coadministration of d-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-1000 succinate and retinyl palmitate. This test had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100% to detect vitamin A deficiency. In conclusion, vitamin A deficiency is relatively common in children who have chronic cholestatic liver disease. Our data suggest that serum retinol level as an initial screen followed by confirmation with a modified oral RDR test is the most effective means of identifying vitamin A deficiency in these subjects. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;42:782-792.)

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The distribution of vitamin A in human liver

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

Hepatic Vitamin A Concentrations in Vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) Supplemented with Carotenoids Derived from Oil Palm

Hepatic Vitamin A Concentrations in Vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops) Supplemented with Carotenoids Derived from Oil Palm

Quantification of vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in soft tissues by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Comparison of Indices of Vitamin A Status in Children With Chronic Liver Disease *

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