The distribution, size and density of the apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppuritiva

Morgan, Wyn P.; Hughes, L. E.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800661206

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…23 Woollard applied the term "anal organ" to the similarly concentrated mass of apocrine tissue situated in the circumanal region.24 Adequate excision of skin from these sites is likely to reward the surgeon and the patient with a low recurrence rate. The results of our study confirm this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Harrison¹,

Mudge²,

Hughes³

1987

BMJ

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150

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From six to 89 months after surgery 82 patients who had been treated by radical surgery (118 excisions) for intractable hidradenitis suppurativa were reviewed. Local recurrence rates varied greatly with the disease site, being low after axillary (3%) and perianal surgery (0%) and high after inguinoperineal (37%) and submammary (50%) excision. Recurrence results from inadequate excision or an unusually wide distribution ofapocrine glands, but physical factors such as obesity, local pressure, and skin maceration played a part in a few patients. Recurrence due to inadequate surgery tended to be the most troublesome. At follow up 75 (91%) ofthe patients were pleased with the results of their operation. A quarter of the patients developed disease at a new anatomical site after operation.Radical surgery gives good symptomatic control of severe hidradenitis suppurative of the axilla, inguinoperineal, and perianal regions but is less satisfactory for submammary disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Harrison¹,

Mudge²,

Hughes³

1987

BMJ

Self Cite

150

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“…Sonner et al Biomicrofluidics 9, 031301 (2015) it is rich with apocrine glands 46 which have a different secretion process that could confound eccrine sweat measurements and is therefore beyond the scope of this work. 45 …”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The microfluidics of the eccrine sweat gland, including biomarker partitioning, transport, and biosensing implications

et al. 2015

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Non-invasive and accurate access of biomarkers remains a holy grail of the biomedical community. Human eccrine sweat is a surprisingly biomarker-rich fluid which is gaining increasing attention. This is especially true in applications of continuous bio-monitoring where other biofluids prove more challenging, if not impossible. However, much confusion on the topic exists as the microfluidics of the eccrine sweat gland has never been comprehensively presented and models of biomarker partitioning into sweat are either underdeveloped and/or highly scattered across literature. Reported here are microfluidic models for eccrine sweat generation and flow which are coupled with review of blood-to-sweat biomarker partition pathways, therefore providing insights such as how biomarker concentration changes with sweat flow rate. Additionally, it is shown that both flow rate and biomarker diffusion determine the effective sampling rate of biomarkers at the skin surface (chronological resolution). The discussion covers a broad class of biomarkers including ions (Na(+), Cl(-), K(+), NH4 (+)), small molecules (ethanol, cortisol, urea, and lactate), and even peptides or small proteins (neuropeptides and cytokines). The models are not meant to be exhaustive for all biomarkers, yet collectively serve as a foundational guide for further development of sweat-based diagnostics and for those beginning exploration of new biomarker opportunities in sweat.

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“…Glandular secretion is an odorless, milky fluid produced in response to pain, anger, or sexual arousal, which subsequently becomes malodorous after interaction with bacteria on the skin surface. 27 Some investigators now consider HS a disease of follicular occlusion rather than an inflammatory or infectious process of the apocrine glands. 28 Biopsies from 6 patients with HS revealed follicular plugging and infundibular dilation.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Hsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Painful Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Smith

Chao

Teitelbaum

2010

The Clinical Journal of Pain

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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronically relapsing skin disorder characterized by recurring inflammatory lesion in hair and apocrine gland-bearing skin creases in the axilla; groin or perineum, buttocks, and/or breast. HS may lead to painful eruptions and malodorous discharge significantly detracting from quality of life. HS causes a high degree of morbidity with the highest scores obtained for the level of pain caused by the disease. The majority of patients rated their pain on a Numerical Rating Scale-11 ranging from 4/10 to 10/10 and described it at various times as hot, burning, pressure, stretching, cutting, sharp, taut, splitting, gnawing, pressing, sore, throbbing, and aching. Despite the severe pain associated with this disease, HS has been essentially ignored in the pain medicine literature. It is hoped that greater understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and potential treatment options available for patients with HS, may help put pain specialists in a better position to contribute to the overall care of patients with significantly painful HS. This article reviews HS and pain. Potential mechanisms of modulating nociceptive processes in the skin are presented. A greater understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and potential treatment options for HS patients may help providers to be better able to contribute to care of patients with painful hidradenitis suppurativa.

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The distribution, size and density of the apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppuritiva

Cited by 56 publications

References 3 publications

Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

The microfluidics of the eccrine sweat gland, including biomarker partitioning, transport, and biosensing implications

Painful Hidradenitis Suppurativa

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