The Diurnal Temperature Range of the Middle Stratosphere

Finger, F. G.; McINTURFF, Raymond M.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1968)025<1116:tdtrot>2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, it is reasonable to ask, but difficult to answer, how a reported trend in tropospheric or stratospheric DTR compares with climatological‐average DTR. The climatology of the diurnal cycle of upper‐air temperature, at particular locations for limited periods of observation, has been addressed by previous investigators [ Harris et al , 1962; Finger and McInturff , 1968; Wallace and Patton , 1970; Balling and Christy , 1996; Tsuda et al , 1997]. This paper extends earlier work by examining a much more spatially and temporally comprehensive set of observations, and by incorporating more recent observations that provide a perspective on potential effects of observational error in the earlier studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Diurnal cycle of upper‐air temperature estimated from radiosondes

Seidel

Free

Wang³

2005

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] This study estimates the amplitude and phase of the climatological diurnal cycle of temperature, from the surface to 10 hPa. The analysis is based on four-times-daily radiosonde data from 53 stations in four regions in the Northern Hemisphere, equatorial soundings from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment, and more recent eight-times-daily radiosonde data from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program's Central Facility in Oklahoma. Our results are in general qualitative agreement with earlier studies, with some quantitative differences, but provide more detail about vertical, seasonal, and geographic variations. The amplitude of the diurnal cycle (half the diurnal temperature range) is largest (1 to 4 K) at the surface. At 850 hPa and above, the regional-average amplitudes are <1 K throughout the troposphere and stratosphere. The amplitude of the diurnal cycle in the boundary layer is larger over land than over ocean, and generally larger in summer than winter (except for monsoon regions, where it is larger in the dry season). In the uppertroposphere and stratosphere, land-sea and seasonal differences are not prominent. The diurnal cycle peaks a few hours after local noon at the surface, a few hours later at 850 hPa, and somewhat earlier in the upper troposphere. The timing of the diurnal cycle peak in the stratosphere is more uncertain. Radiosonde data are also used to simulate deep-layer mean temperatures that would be observed by the satellite-borne microwave sounding unit, and the amplitude and phase of their diurnal cycles are estimated. An evaluation is made of the uncertainty in these results due to the temporal resolution of the sounding data, which is only barely adequate for resolving the first harmonic of the diurnal cycle, the precision of radiosonde temperature data, and potential biases in daytime stratospheric temperature observations. Citation: Seidel, D. J., M. Free, and J. Wang (2005), Diurnal cycle of upper-air temperature estimated from radiosondes, J. Geophys.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Diurnal cycle of upper‐air temperature estimated from radiosondes

Seidel

Free

Wang³

2005

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the stratosphere, the magnitude of the diurnal temperature variation decreases with altitude. At 25 km it is less than 0.5%[Finger and Mclnturff, 1968]. Possible effects of hydrostatic coupling on the ozone variations arising from the diurnal temperature variation were investigated by using h0 -25 km, with values of H at different altitudes determined from a pressure profile measured near the time of the nighttime measurement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of the diurnal variation of atmospheric ozone

Lean¹

1982

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ozone densities in the stratosphere and mesosphere have been derived from broad‐band photometer measurements of Hartley band absorption of middle ultraviolet radiation. Seven rockets were launched during October–November 1979 from Wallops Island. Six rockets, each carrying one detector comprising two UV photometers, were launched at different times of the day. A seventh rocket, with three similar detectors each having three UV photometers, was launched at the time of a full moon and provided estimates of the nighttime ozone densities. Results from these rocket flights form a basis for investigating ozone diurnal variations. The number of flights provide greater statistical reliability for the ozone profiles than is generally afforded from in situ measurements with a single rocket. During the night, an enhancement in ozone densities occurred at altitudes above about 50 km. At 70 km, for example, the nighttime ozone was determined to be a factor of 6.4 greater than at sunset. In addition, these experiments suggest that near 40 km the magnitude of the ozone density at noon may be greater by 10–15% than the nighttime concentration.

show abstract

“…The height selected for balloon operation is 1 hectopascal height, corresponding to about 48 km above the seawater. This height is also the vertical zone where the air temperature gets close to that of the earth's surface, 260-280 K [9]. Although the wind speeds are not low in this region, the low density of ambient air will reduce the drag force on the balloon itself and on the tether.…”

Section: Operationmentioning

confidence: 85%

A low cost alternative for satellites- tethered ultra-high altitude balloons

Izet-Unsalan

Ünsalan

2011

Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies - RAST2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Geostationary and geosynchronous satellites have a wide area of application in present day technology. The main drawback for the wider usage of such satellites is their high cost of launching into their orbit. As alternatives to conventional rocket launching, launching by high muzzle speed guns or by electric railguns have been proposed. However, it is hereby advocated that aerostats, stratospheric or mesospheric balloons tethered to a fixed point on the earth can also be used to fulfil the same tasks within a limited area of coverage. However, it is possible to widen the area of coverage by using a constellation of such balloons, presumably at a fraction of the cost of satellite launching. Presently, aerostats at about a few kilometers height are being used for a number of purposes, including border monitoring. The idea of tethered balloons reaching the lower parts of the stratosphere has been studied in 1960's for atmospheric research and successful results from prototype balloons have been obtained. The main problem related to high altitude aerostats has been found that extreme drifting loads are being induced by high altitude winds during the ascent (launching) and descent (recovery) phases. In the light of development of new high performance materials, as well as the development of superpressure balloons, it is now proposed to reconsider the same concept as a platform for high altitude devices used for communications, media broadcasting, environmental monitoring via optical or SAR imagery, monitoring for border security and illegal trafficking. Also, the possibility of two stage launching, ie, launching an aerostat from a high altitude airship shall be addressed. It is considered that the most convenient altitude for such aerostats is the stratopause region, with pressures at the order of 1 hPa pressure or 48 000-50 000 meters above the sea level.

show abstract

The Diurnal Temperature Range of the Middle Stratosphere

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Diurnal cycle of upper‐air temperature estimated from radiosondes

Diurnal cycle of upper‐air temperature estimated from radiosondes

Observation of the diurnal variation of atmospheric ozone

A low cost alternative for satellites- tethered ultra-high altitude balloons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About