The Division of Household Labor in Spanish Dual Earner Couples: Testing Three Theories

Goñi-Legaz, Salomé; Ollo‐López, Andrea; Bayo‐Moriones, Alberto

doi:10.1007/s11199-010-9840-0

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, the mixed findings regarding gender differences in the experience of role conflict (i.e., differences in the experience WIF but not in the experience FIW) are consistent with the results of other studies in the field (Giebels & Janssen, 2004; McElwain, Korabik, & Rosin, 2005) and reflect the changes in gender roles in the contemporary era, which are mainly evident in the area of household tasks (Kulik, 2013). It is possible that because men tend to participate more actively in household tasks today than they did in the past, the interference of family demands with work affects both genders to the same extent (Gaunt & Bouknik, 2012; Goñi-Legaz, Ollo-Lopez, & Bayo-Moriones, 2010), as the findings of the present study revealed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Multiple Roles, Role Satisfaction, and Sense of Meaning in Life

Kulik

Bergman

Liberman³

2014

Journal of Career Assessment

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Based on a sample of 611 employed parents in Israel, the study aimed to examine how occupying multiple roles on the one hand and satisfying roles on other hand are related to a sense of meaning in life (MIL). In addition, the contribution of two types of role conflict-interference of work with family (WIF) and interference of family with work (FIW) -to explaining MIL was examined. The findings revealed that the number of roles as well as the proportion of satisfying roles was directly related to a sense of MIL. Moreover, the number of roles and the proportion of satisfying roles occupied by the participants were indirectly related to their sense of MIL: The relation between the number of roles and sense of MIL was mediated by FIW conflict, whereas the relation between the proportion of satisfying roles and the sense of MIL was mediated by both types of role conflict (FIW and WIF). Men showed a greater tendency than women to experience WIF conflict, whereas no gender differences were found with regard to FIW conflict. Long hours of work outside of the home were positively related to WIF conflict and negatively related to FIW conflict.Most of the early studies dealing with the impact of multiple roles on well-being were conducted among women, following their massive entry into the labor market (Brody, 1981). At that time, many women enlarged their role set by adding paid employment outside of the home to their

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Multiple Roles, Role Satisfaction, and Sense of Meaning in Life

Kulik

Bergman

Liberman³

2014

Journal of Career Assessment

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“…Despite the changes in gender roles in recent decades, research findings indicate that as they did in the past, women still devote significantly more hours than men to household chores and childcare (e.g., Goñi-Legaz, Ollo-López, & Bayo-Moriones, 2010), whereas men devote significantly more hours to the work domain than women (e.g., Stier, 2010). Thus, as in the past, women still show a greater tendency than men to perceive family roles as their main responsibility, whereas men show a greater tendency to perceive the employment role as their main responsibility (Christiansen & Palkovitz, 2001).…”

Section: Role Conflict and Emotional Well-being: Gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Work–Family Role Conflict and Well-Being Among Women and Men

Kulik

Bergman

Liberman³

2016

Journal of Career Assessment

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The main goal of the present study was to examine gender differences in the variables that explain the experience of role conflict and well-being among Jewish working mothers versus working fathers in Israel ( n = 611). The unique contribution of the study lies in its integrative approach to examining the experience of two types of role conflict: work interferes with family (WIF) and family interferes with work (FIW). The explanatory variables included sense of overload, perceived social support, and gender role ideology. The findings revealed that for women, both FIW and WIF conflict correlated negatively with well-being, whereas for men, a negative correlation with well-being was found only in the case of FIW conflict. Contrary to expectations, social support contributed more to mitigating negative affect among men than among women. On the whole, the findings highlight the changes that men have experienced in the work–family system.

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“…For instance, with the rise in dual-earner heterosexual couples, husbands have nearly doubled their household work and increased their time with children, but wives continue to do the majority of domestic and childcare work in the U.S (Bianchi 2011;Bianchi et al 2012). Research in Spain also finds a slight increase in husbands' household work over time, but that wives are still primarily responsible for the domestic labor (Goni-Legaz et al 2010). Therefore, the perception of women as ideally-motivated may not only serve to limit continued changes for women, but also to limit the possibility of role change for men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pursuing Desires Rather Than Duties? The Motivational Content of Gender Stereotypes

Johnston

Diekman

2015

Sex Roles

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In the current research we provide initial documentation of the motivational content of gender stereotypes. Drawing from regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1987(Higgins, , 1997, we distinguish between whether traits are perceived to be motivated by ideals, including hopes, dreams, and aspirations, and oughts, including responsibilities, duties, and obligations. In two studies of U.S. Midwestern undergraduates, participants rated the extent to which the traits of men or women are motivated by ideals or oughts. Study 1 included 137 introductory psychology students who rated gender stereotypic traits (e.g., competitiveness for men; sensitivity for women); Study 2 included 118 introductory psychology students who rated gender stereotypic or counterstereotypic traits (e.g., competitiveness for women; sensitivity for men). In both Studies 1 and 2, we demonstrate that people perceive women as especially motivated by ideals rather than oughts but men as equivalently motivated by ideals and oughts. These patterns emerge regardless of trait stereotypicality. In Study 3, we examined the relationship between perceptions of role flexibility and the perception of ideal motivation using a sample of 214 introductory psychology students from the Midwestern U.S. We found evidence that ascriptions of ideal motivation are associated with perceptions of role flexibility, which are greater for women. We discuss the implications of these beliefs for the legitimization of the existing gendered social system.

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The Division of Household Labor in Spanish Dual Earner Couples: Testing Three Theories

Cited by 29 publications

References 50 publications

Multiple Roles, Role Satisfaction, and Sense of Meaning in Life

Multiple Roles, Role Satisfaction, and Sense of Meaning in Life

Work–Family Role Conflict and Well-Being Among Women and Men

Pursuing Desires Rather Than Duties? The Motivational Content of Gender Stereotypes

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