The divIVB region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome encodes homologs of Escherichia coli septum placement (minCD) and cell shape (mreBCD) determinants

Varley, Alan W.; Stewart, George C.

doi:10.1128/jb.174.21.6729-6742.1992

Cited by 119 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Localization of RacA to the cell pole is dependent upon DivIVA, explaining why mutations in the corresponding genes cause similar phenotypes, although those caused by mutations in divIVA are more severe (21,287,308). From their observations, Ben-Yehuda and colleagues (21) proposed that once the origin-proximal region of the chromosome reaches the pole of the cell, RacA binds DivIVA and displaces the division inhibitor MinCD (192,295), triggering asymmetric division (21).…”

Section: Genetic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compartmentalization of Gene Expression duringBacillus subtilisSpore Formation

Hilbert

Piggot

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

320

432

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gene expression in members of the family Bacillaceae becomes compartmentalized after the distinctive, asymmetrically located sporulation division. It involves complete compartmentalization of the activities of sporulation-specific sigma factors, σF in the prespore and then σE in the mother cell, and then later, following engulfment, σG in the prespore and then σK in the mother cell. The coupling of the activation of σF to septation and σG to engulfment is clear; the mechanisms are not. The σ factors provide the bare framework of compartment-specific gene expression. Within each σ regulon are several temporal classes of genes, and for key regulators, timing is critical. There are also complex intercompartmental regulatory signals. The determinants for σF regulation are assembled before septation, but activation follows septation. Reversal of the anti-σF activity of SpoIIAB is critical. Only the origin-proximal 30% of a chromosome is present in the prespore when first formed; it takes ≈15 min for the rest to be transferred. This transient genetic asymmetry is important for prespore-specific σF activation. Activation of σE requires σF activity and occurs by cleavage of a prosequence. It must occur rapidly to prevent the formation of a second septum. σG is formed only in the prespore. SpoIIAB can block σG activity, but SpoIIAB control does not explain why σG is activated only after engulfment. There is mother cell-specific excision of an insertion element in sigK and σE-directed transcription of sigK, which encodes pro-σK. Activation requires removal of the prosequence following a σG-directed signal from the prespore

show abstract

Section: Genetic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compartmentalization of Gene Expression duringBacillus subtilisSpore Formation

Hilbert

Piggot

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

320

432

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This suggests that polar septation may simply be a modified form of vegetative division, with the two septa differing, at least initially, only in position. Additionally, whereas B. subtilis does have potential polar division sites present in vegetatively growing cells, they are apparently masked by the products of the minC and minD genes (Levin et al 1992;Varley and Stewart 1992;Lee and Price 1993). Mutations in minC or minD result in the formation of anucleate minicells located at the cell poles in positions that are similar, if not identical, to that of the forespore compartment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor Spo0A switches the localization of the cell division protein FtsZ from a medial to a bipolar pattern in Bacillus subtilis.

Levin¹,

Losick²

1996

Genes Dev.

248

262

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Entry into sporulation by the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is governed by two transcription factors, SpoOA and cr H, and involves a switch in the site of division from a medial to a polar location. We report that at the onset of sporulation, assembly of the cell division protein FtsZ shifts from midcell to potential division sites near both poles. The switch to a bipolar pattern of FtsZ localization is dependent on Spo0A. Additionally, synthesis of an activated form of Spo0A during growth artificially activates the switch in FtsZ localization and results in the formation of polar septa. The o a factor, on the other hand, is dispensable for the switch in the position of the FtsZ assembly site, although it is required for formation of the polar septum. Our results suggest that during the transition from growth to sporulation, Spo0A induces the expression of genes that suppress FtsZ assembly at the midcell site and activate sites at both poles, whereas O "H induces genes required for a subsequent step in cytokinesis.

show abstract

“…with PBP2, is concerned with peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis during the cylindrical extension (elongation) of the cell (Henriques et al, 1998), (ii) rodB, a homologue of the E. coli mreD (Levin et al, 1992 ;Varley & Stewart, 1992), which, together with the adjacent mreC, is concerned with E. coli cell-shape maintenance, and (iii) genes involved in the synthesis of poly(glycerol phosphate) [poly(groP)], the principal B. subtilis wall teichoic acid (WTA) (Boylan et al, 1972 ;Maue$ l et al, 1991 ;Pooley et al, 1991Pooley et al, , 1992Lazarevic & Karamata, 1995). The complex cell-shape changes developed after several hours at non-permissive temperatures, following the expression of the phenotype caused by mutation in any of the essential tag genes (Maue$ l et al, 1989(Maue$ l et al, , 1991, have been attributed to one initial event : the arrest of cell-surface elongation (Pooley et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%