2022
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.995163
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The DNA damage checkpoint: A tale from budding yeast

Abstract: Studies performed in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe have led the way in defining the DNA damage checkpoint and in identifying most of the proteins involved in this regulatory network, which turned out to have structural and functional equivalents in humans. Subsequent experiments revealed that the checkpoint is an elaborate signal transduction pathway that has the ability to sense and signal the presence of damaged DNA and transduce this information to influence a multifacete… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…In mitotic cells, it is well‐established that the introduction of DSBs induces local and global association of Scc1/Rad21‐cohesin to the yeast and mammalian chromosomes. In the budding yeast, DSBs induce DDR, which activates two sensor kinases, Mec1(ATR) and Tel1(ATM), and the downstream kinases, Rad53 and Chk1/2 for the efficient DSB repair and cell cycle delay/arrest (Pizzul et al, 2022). Importantly, with DSB induction, the miotic cohesin complex is loaded at the DSB sites locally and to chromosomes globally (Strom et al, 2007; Unal et al, 2007).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In mitotic cells, it is well‐established that the introduction of DSBs induces local and global association of Scc1/Rad21‐cohesin to the yeast and mammalian chromosomes. In the budding yeast, DSBs induce DDR, which activates two sensor kinases, Mec1(ATR) and Tel1(ATM), and the downstream kinases, Rad53 and Chk1/2 for the efficient DSB repair and cell cycle delay/arrest (Pizzul et al, 2022). Importantly, with DSB induction, the miotic cohesin complex is loaded at the DSB sites locally and to chromosomes globally (Strom et al, 2007; Unal et al, 2007).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mec1/ATR, recruited to RPA–ssDNA filaments due to replication fork catastrophe, associates with its partner Ddc2 (ATRIP in humans). This coordination results in histone H2A phosphorylation and a subsequent pause in the cell cycle through Rad53 (CHK1 in humans) phosphorylation reviewed in refs and . Proteomic studies have determined that Mec1/ATR phosphorylates other replisome proteins during ongoing DNA synthesis, and may play other functions at the fork that are distinct from their canonical checkpoint role during replication stress .…”
Section: Obstaclesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HR occurs after resection, the 5′→3′ nucleolytic digestion of DSB ends that exposes single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and leads to formation of a Rad51-ssDNA filament, and can generate reciprocal crossovers (RCOs) [3]. Alongside specific repair processes, DNA damage prompts a broader DDR that involves checkpoint signaling, which arrests the cell cycle while DNA damage is repaired [5]. Here, histone H2A-S129 phosphorylation (γH2A) is placed by the Mec1 and Tel1 sensor kinases around lesions, and forms a platform for the recruitment of other DDR factors, including checkpoint proteins [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%