The Domestic Cat as a Laboratory Animal for Experimental Nutrition Studies III. Niacin Requirements and Tryptophan Metabolism

Silva, Alberto Carvalho da; Fried, Rainer; Angelis, Rebeca Carlota De

doi:10.1093/jn/46.3.399

“…Data on requirements, allowances and recommendations for feed supplementation are easily accessible as standard literature for animal nutrition experts. All data available in the public literature demonstrate that nicotininc acid and nicotinamide when fed to animals are efficacious sources of niacin (see, for example, Da Silva et al, 1952;Baker et al, 1976;Yen et al, 1978;Copelin et al, 1980;Waldroup et al, 1985;Harms et al, 1988;Oduho and Baker, 1993;Real et al, 2002;Ivers and Veum, 2012).…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Lonza Benelux BV

Feed¹

2012

EFS2

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The term 'niacin' is used as a generic description of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide with pyridine as the basic structure. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide function mainly as precursors of the co-enzymes NAD and NADP. Thus, nicotinamide has physiologically critical roles in mitochondrial respiration and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Oral administration routes of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide via feed or water for drinking were considered bioequivalent. Niacin is safe for the target animals with a margin of safety that is at least ten times the requirements and use levels. The FEEDAP Panel assumes that exposure figures for a population already include the contribution of edible tissues and products of animals fed niacin-supplemented diets. Information on niacin metabolism and the limited data available on retention in edible tissues and products indicate that supplemental levels in feeds even far higher than the requirements (1-35 mg/kg feed) are highly unlikely to lead the tolerable upper intake level being exceeded. The FEEDAP Panel considers that the use of niacin in animal nutrition is not of safety concern for consumers. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are not irritant to skin, but can cause irritancy to eyes and mucous membranes. They are unlikely to cause skin sensitisation. Workers might be exposed to a respirable dust when handling nicotinic acid, which should be regarded as being potentially harmful to their health. Nicotinamide is considered to be of no concern for inhalation exposure. The use of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in animal nutrition does not pose a risk to the environment. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are regarded as effective sources of niacin in animal nutrition. The term 'niacin' is used as a generic description of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (niacinamide) with pyridine as the basic structure. Niacin is widely distributed and occurs in large quantities in yeasts, brans and food of animal origin. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide function mainly as precursors of the co-enzymes NAD and NADP. Thus, nicotinamide has physiologically critical roles in mitochondrial respiration and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids.Oral administration routes of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide via feed or water for drinking were considered bioequivalent.Niacin is safe for the target animals with a margin of safety that is at least ten times the requirements and use levels.The FEEDAP Panel assumes that exposure figures for a population already include the contribution of edible tissues and products of animals fed niacin-supplemented diets. Information on niacin metabolism and the limited data available on retention in edible tissues and products indicate that supplemental levels in feeds even far higher than the requirements (1-35 mg/kg feed) are highly unlikely to lead the tolerable upper intake level being exceeded. The FEEDAP Panel considers that the use of niacin in animal nutrition is not of safety concern for consumers.The FEEDAP Pan...

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“…Data on requirements, allowances and recommendations for feed supplementation are easily accessible as standard literature for animal nutrition experts. All data available in the public literature demonstrate that nicotinamide when fed to animals is an efficacious source of niacin (see, for example, Da Silva et al, 1952;Baker et al, 1976;Yen et al, 1978;Copelin et al, 1980;Waldroup et al, 1985;Harms et al, 1988;Oduho and Baker, 1993;Real et al, 2002;Ivers and Veum, 2012).…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by EUROPE‐ASIA Import Export GmbH

2012

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The term 'niacin' is used as a generic description of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide with pyridine as the basic structure. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide function mainly as precursors of the co-enzymes NAD and NADP. Thus, nicotinamide has physiologically critical roles in mitochondrial respiration and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Oral administration routes of nicotinamide via feed or water for drinking are considered bioequivalent. Nicotinamide is safe for the target animals with a margin of safety that is at least ten times the requirements and use levels. The FEEDAP Panel assumes that exposure figures for a population already include the contribution of edible tissues and products of animals fed niacin-supplemented diets. Information on niacin metabolism and the limited data available on retention in edible tissues and products indicate that supplemental levels in feeds even far higher than the requirements (1-35 mg/kg feed) are highly unlikely to lead the tolerable upper intake level being exceeded. The FEEDAP Panel considers that the use of nicotinamide in animal nutrition is not of safety concern for consumers. Nicotinamide is not irritant to skin, but can cause irritancy to eyes and mucous membranes. It is unlikely to cause skin sensitisation. Workers might be exposed to a respirable dust when handling nicotinamide, which should be regarded as being potentially harmful to their health. The use of nicotinamide in animal nutrition does not pose a risk to the environment. Nicotinamide is regarded as an effective source of niacin in animal nutrition. ASSESSMENTThis opinion is based in part on data provided by a single company involved in the production/distribution of nicotinamide. It should be recognised that these data cover only a fraction of existing additives containing nicotinamide. The application is for the active substance and the composition of the additive formulations is not the subject of the application. The Panel has sought to use the data provided together with data from other sources to deliver an opinion.

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“…Data on requirements, allowances and recommendations for feed supplementation are easily accessible as standard literature for animal nutrition experts. All data available in the public literature demonstrate that nicotinic acid and nicotinamide when fed to animals are efficacious sources of niacin (see, for example, Da Silva et al, 1952;Baker et al, 1976;Yen et al, 1978;Copelin et al, 1980;Waldroup et al, 1985;Harms et al, 1988;Oduho and Baker, 1993;Real et al, 2002;Ivers and Veum, 2012).…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Vertellus Specialties Belgium BV

2012

EFS2

0

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<p>The term ‘niacin’ is used as a generic description of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide with pyridine as the basic structure. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide function mainly as precursors of the co-enzymes NAD and NADP. Thus, nicotinamide has physiologically critical roles in mitochondrial respiration and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Niacin is safe for the target animals with a margin of safety that is at least ten times the requirements and use levels. The FEEDAP Panel assumes that exposure figures for a population already include the contribution of edible tissues and products of animals fed niacin-supplemented diets. Information on niacin metabolism and the limited data available on retention in edible tissues and products indicate that supplemental levels in feeds even far higher than the requirements (1–35 mg/kg feed) are highly unlikely to lead the tolerable upper intake level being exceeded. The FEEDAP Panel considers that the use of niacin in animal nutrition is not of safety concern for consumers. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are not irritant to skin, but can cause irritancy to eyes and mucous membranes. They are unlikely to cause skin sensitisation. Workers might be exposed to a respirable dust when handling nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, which should be regarded as being potentially harmful to their health. The use of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in animal nutrition does not pose a risk to the environment. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are regarded as effective sources of niacin in animal nutrition.</p>

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The Domestic Cat as a Laboratory Animal for Experimental Nutrition Studies III. Niacin Requirements and Tryptophan Metabolism

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Lonza Benelux BV

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Lonza Benelux BV

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by EUROPE‐ASIA Import Export GmbH

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of niacin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Vertellus Specialties Belgium BV

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