The dramatic corrosive effect of road side exposure and of aromatic hydrocarbons on the epistomatal wax crystalloids in spruce and fir ‐ and its significance for the‘Waldsterben’

Sauter, Jörg J.; L, Pambor

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1989.tb00272.x

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The structure and morphology of epicuticular waxes is a reliable indicator of plant health (Neinhuis and Barthlott 1998) and to a great extent, regulate the resistance to pollution stress. Sauter and Pambor (1989) observed increased degradation of epicuticular wax in spruce and fir (Abies alba) due to deposition of road dust. Changes in leaf wettability, rate of transpiration, and loss of solutes from leaf cells are some of the effects that result from disruption of the epicuticular/epistomatal wax layer (Bystrom et al 1968).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants

et al. 2009

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The plant foliar surface is the most important receptor of atmospheric pollutants. It undergoes several structural and functional changes when particulate-laden air strikes it. In the present investigation, ten annual plant species viz., Abelmoschus esculentus, Celosia cristata, Coleus blumei, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, Gomphrena globosa, Impatiens balsamina, Ocimum sanctum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum melongena, and Zinnia elegans were studied for their growth parameters and leaf morphological features. They were subjected to dust experimentally for 60 days. The micro-morphological traits like wax, cuticle, epidermis, stomata, and trichomes were observed under light and scanning electron microscopes. Remarkable differences in the growth parameters and micro-morphological features were recorded in the dust-treated plants when compared to the respective controls. The reduction in growth parameters, the size of epidermal cells, and stomata were reduced and cuticle damage was also observed. The relative proportion of fine particles, which play a major role in hampering the overall growth of a plant, was higher in comparison to ultra-fine and coarse particles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants

et al. 2009

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“…Apart from this advantageous feature, the special form of the epistomatal chamber, with its angular structure, seems to be more susceptible to occlusion by fused wax structures. The fusion of wax crystals and tubes is a naturally occurring process during aging, but structural degradation is also known to be accelerated by various air pollutants and other agents (Grill et al, 1989 [12] ; Sauter and Pambor, 1989 [25] ; Turunen and Huttunen, 1990 [27] ; Altieri et al, 1994 [1] ). At worst, a total plugging of the epistomatal chamber inhibits transpiration and reduces, or even prevents, gas exchange and photosynthesis (cf.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of the Stomatal Complex in Pinus canariensis Needles Using Serial Sections

et al. 2002

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The three‐dimensional (3D) morphology of the stomata in leaves of Pinus canariensis is described with respect to the spatial arrangement of guard cells, subsidiary cells, polar and lateral cells. Serial semi‐thin sections of the stomatal apparatus were digitally reconstructed and analysed with regard to the position, shape and size of the cell types involved. The stomatal complex consists of 16 cells with uniquely shaped polar and lateral cells. The polar cells form a kind of roof above the epistomatal chamber thereby reducing the surface aperture. The structural features of the stomatal complex differ from other Pinus species and are presumed to be an adaptation to extreme environmental conditions.

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“…La estructura y composición de la capa de cera superficial también es un buen indicador. La degradación de la cera superficial después de la exposición a los gases de escape se atribuyó a la presencia de hidrocarburos aromáticos lipofílicos en la emisión (Sauter & Pambor, 1989). Los marcadores bioquímicos también se han usado durante mucho tiempo, involucrando la actividad de enzimas como la catalasa o la actividad de la peroxidasa (Sarkar et al, 1986).…”

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Efecto fitotóxico del material particulado PM2,5 y PM10 en la ciudad de Juliaca, Perú

Rojas

2023

BMSA

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Atmospheric particles (PM) are a part of air pollution. Depending on the aerodynamic diameter, the particles can be classified into PM10 and fine aerosols (PM2.5). The toxicity of these particles is determined by numerous factors including chemical composition and size. Plants are directly exposed to airborne pollutants. The harmful effects of airborne particles on higher plants include morphological, physicochemical and biochemical alterations. In this sense, this study tries to determine the phytotoxic effects of atmospheric particulates, a product of atmospheric pollution, in the city of Juliaca in Peru, which has a high environmental pollution load. With these statistics, the effect of PM2.5 and PM10 particulates on three species was studied: Calendula officinalis, Schinus terebinthifolia and Physalis peruviana. The results indicate concentrations of 9.5 and 33.20 μg /m3 respectively of PM2.5 and PM10 particulates for different selected control points. On the other hand, the chemical analysis determined the concentration of the different heavy metals for PM2.5 and PM10 particles, finding the following order of concentration Pb>Mn>Cr>>Cd. Then, using these two sources of particle size, solutions at different concentrations and dilutions were prepared to determine their phytotoxic effect on the percentage of germination and root size in the three species. The results found revealed that, despite the presence of various heavy metals in concentrations, in general, a marked influence on the germination process or root formation was not observed with respect to the control group.

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The dramatic corrosive effect of road side exposure and of aromatic hydrocarbons on the epistomatal wax crystalloids in spruce and fir ‐ and its significance for the‘Waldsterben’

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants

Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants

Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of the Stomatal Complex in Pinus canariensis Needles Using Serial Sections

Efecto fitotóxico del material particulado PM2,5 y PM10 en la ciudad de Juliaca, Perú

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