The DRD4 VNTR polymorphism moderates craving after alcohol consumption.

Hutchison, Kent E.; McGeary, John E.; Smolen, Andrew; Bryan, Angela D.; Swift, Robert M.

doi:10.1037/0278-6133.21.2.139

Cited by 150 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

142

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, future work with the DRD4 VNTR will determine how consistent this effect is across studies on alcohol craving and, more generally, studies of appetitive motivation. To date, studies have suggested that the DRD4 VNTR may influence appetitive motivation for alcohol (Hutchison et al, 2002a), tobacco (Hutchison et al, 2002b), and food (Sobik et al, under review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olanzapine Reduces Craving for Alcohol: A DRD4 VNTR Polymorphism by Pharmacotherapy Interaction

Hutchison

Wooden

Swift

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Separate investigations have suggested that olanzapine, a D4 antagonist, decreases craving after a priming dose of alcohol and that the DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism influences the expression of craving after a priming dose of alcohol. The present study tested the hypothesis that olanzapine may be differentially effective at reducing cue-elicited craving based on individual differences in DRD4 VNTR in a sample of heavy social drinkers. Participants were randomly assigned to receive olanzapine (5 mg) or a control medication (cyproheptadine, 4 mg) prior to consuming three alcoholic drinks. Participants completed subjective measures of craving and euphoria after each drink. Participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the 7 (or longer) repeat allele of the DRD4 VNTR were classified as DRD4 L, while the other participants were classified as DRD4 S. The findings indicated that olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol at baseline for both DRD4 S and DRD4 L individuals, but only reduces craving after exposure to alcohol cues and after a priming dose of alcohol for DRD4 L individuals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olanzapine Reduces Craving for Alcohol: A DRD4 VNTR Polymorphism by Pharmacotherapy Interaction

Hutchison

Wooden

Swift

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Genetic Analyses: DNA Collection, Extraction, and Storage DNA from cheek swabs was collected and extracted following published procedures (see Freeman et al, 1997;Hutchison, McGeary, Smolen, Bryan, & Swift, 2002;Walker et al, 1999). The BDNF SNP was assayed using a commercially available 5′-nuclease (TaqMan, Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA) assay in conjunction with the 7500 thermocycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA; see Livak, 1999, for description of the TaqMan assay).…”

Section: Rating Of Perceived Exertion (Rpe)-mentioning

confidence: 99%

A transdisciplinary model integrating genetic, physiological, and psychological correlates of voluntary exercise.

Bryan¹,

Hutchison²,

Seals³

et al. 2007

Health Psychology

Self Cite

141

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-Physical inactivity contributes to as many as 250,000 premature deaths per year (R. R. Pate et al., 1995). The authors' objective was to test a transdisciplinary model of the ways in which genetic variants, physiological factors, and psychological factors are thought to influence exercise with 64 healthy, regular exercisers.Design-In a within-subjects design, psychological and physiological responses to exercise were compared with responses to a sedentary activity.Main Outcome Measures-The authors measured affective state, perceived exertion, heart rate, and temperature change in response to moderate exercise versus sedentary activity. They also quantified genotypes on a single nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene.Results and Conclusions-The data show a relation between increases in positive affective states and acute exercise behavior, as opposed to a sedentary control. The BDNF gene moderated the effect of exercise on mood, heart rate, and perceived exertion. Physiological factors were, in turn, related to mood response, and mood response was a significant correlate of motivation to exercise in the future and of current exercise behavior. The model has potential as a framework for the basic study of the genetic, physiological, and psychological processes involved with voluntary exercise and as a tool for the applied examination of tailored exercise interventions and their efficacy for different subsets of individuals. Keywords exercise; transdisciplinary; genetics; physiology; mood Regular physical activity has been implicated in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and of a number of cancers including those of the colon, breast, endometrium, and prostate (Friedenreich, 2001;Kaaks & Lukanova, 2002;Pate et al., 1995). Recent reports estimate that approximately 30% of total cancer deaths are related to poor exercise and nutrition, and when taking into consideration both cardiovascular disease and cancer, that inactivity contributes to as many as 250,000 premature deaths per year (Pate et al., 1995). Despite the fact that the relation between poor exercise habits and morbidity and mortality has been well understood for some time, interventions designed to promote a healthier lifestyle have largely failed to One limitation of prior work in this area is the lack of an overarching theoretical framework that functionally links genetic, physiological, and psychological predictors of exercise behavior. In this research, we propose a transdisciplinary (Rosenfield, 1992) model of the ways in which genetic variants, physiological factors, and psychological factors are thought to influence exercise behavior (see Figure 1). In this broad framework, we hypothesized that the physiological effects (e.g., changes in body temperature, heart rate) of exercise influence the subjective experience of exercise (e.g., changes in mood, perceived exertion, perceived reward), which in turn are important determinants of motivation to exercise (e.g., higher selfefficacy for exer...

show abstract

“…Functional neuroimaging of recently detoxified alcoholics suggests that participants who carry the 7 or more repeats in the DRD4 VNTR (DRD4L) show increased activation to alcohol-related stimuli in the anterior cingulate and associated prefrontal cortical areas compared with participants who carry only shorter variants (DRD4S) (Smolka, McGeary, et al, 2005, manuscript under review). Laboratory studies of reactivity to associated cues have shown greater subjective urges reported by DRD4L participants compared to DRD4S participants in smoking and alcohol studies (Hutchison, Lachance et al, 2002;Hutchison, McGeary et al, 2002;McGeary et al, 2001), a study of heroin addicts (Shao et al, 2006), and even a study related to food craving (Sobik et al, 2005). Pharmacogenetic studies suggest the differential subjective urge for alcohol may be attenuated by a D4 receptor antagonist relative to active placebo (Hutchison et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of the dopamine D4 receptor gene VNTR polymorphism with drug use in adolescent psychiatric inpatients

McGeary¹,

Esposito‐Smythers²,

Spirito³

et al. 2007

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background-The VNTR polymorphism in the Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been associated with differential urge for substances across multiple methodologies ranging from neuroimaging to assessment in the natural environment. It is unclear whether the DRD4 gene is a marker for an underlying propensity for greater urge or whether the DRD4 gene differentially moderates the neuroadaptive effects of extended substance use on urge. Examination of the DRD4 in an adolescent sample may provide evidence of a mechanism of this putative relationship.

show abstract

The DRD4 VNTR polymorphism moderates craving after alcohol consumption.

Cited by 150 publications

References 57 publications

Olanzapine Reduces Craving for Alcohol: A DRD4 VNTR Polymorphism by Pharmacotherapy Interaction

Olanzapine Reduces Craving for Alcohol: A DRD4 VNTR Polymorphism by Pharmacotherapy Interaction

A transdisciplinary model integrating genetic, physiological, and psychological correlates of voluntary exercise.

Associations of the dopamine D4 receptor gene VNTR polymorphism with drug use in adolescent psychiatric inpatients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About