“…This is evidenced by - Different factor structures being obtained for the same version of the instrument. For instance, the often-used 27-item questionnaire is thought to reflect two (De Winter, 2013; De Winter & Dodou, 2010), three (Parker et al, 1995) or four (Rowe et al, 2015) different psychological processes, with exploratory analyses sometimes indicating even more latent variables (Stanojević et al, 2018);
- Typically high cross-loadings of items on factors (Mattsson, 2012; Mattsson et al, 2015);
- Complex factor structures needed to adequately fit the data, either by specifying second-order factors (Lajunen, Parker & Summala, 2004) or a general factor (Stanojević et al, 2018) and
- Failures of the test of measurement equivalence across certain subgroups (Stephens & Fitzharris, 2016; Mattsson, 2012; Mattsson et al, 2015).
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