The drivers of sustained use of liquified petroleum gas in India

Mani, Sunil; Jain, Abhishek; Tripathi, Saurabh; Gould, Carlos F.

doi:10.1038/s41560-020-0596-7

Cited by 74 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…13 The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) programme achieved rapid expansion of LPG access but did not lead to higher usage among rural Indian households. 24,37 A study among 8,000 PMUY program bene ciaries proposed that long travel times from rural Indian villages to re ll points was a likely driver of 30% lower LPG consumption. 25 While this study proposed that fuel access is important at a village-level, we nd that accessibility may play a role at smaller scales in an African context; a 10-minute longer travel time to a retailer within a community may be a deterrent to LPG usage ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to India, 24 years cooking with LPG was not signi cantly associated with consumption (Table S5), potentially highlighting the importance of LPG fuel costs remaining price competitive in the long term to prevent reversion to polluting cooking fuels. This nding is further supported by households previously cooking with LPG being more likely than households with no prior LPG experience to cite high cylinder re ll costs as a reason for not cooking with LPG (Table S6).…”

Section: Socioeconomic Status and Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[21][22][23] Studies in India found that rural households provided with subsidies for LPG connections under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) programme continued to use polluting fuels alongside LPG ('stove stacking'), leading to less frequent LPG use compared with urban households. 24,25 Reduced LPG uptake likely resulted from poorer supply and access points in rural Indian villages. While studies conducted in Cameroon, 26,27 Tanzania 28 and Ethiopia 29 have also found supply-related issues to be important determinants of cooking fuel decisions, few large-scale studies in SSA have quantitatively assessed their effect on LPG consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond Household Socioeconomic Status: Multilevel Modeling of Supply-Side Determinants of LPG Consumption among 5,500 Households in Sub-Saharan Africa

Shupler

Mangeni

Tawiah

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Household transition to cleaner cooking fuels (e.g. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) has historically been understood as an “energy ladder” with clean energy access resulting from improvements in household socioeconomic status (SES). Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of supply-side determinants in increasing clean cooking, yet few large-scale studies have assessed their significance quantitatively. As part of the CLEAN-Air(Africa) study, a population-based survey was conducted (N = 5,638) assessing cooking practices in peri-urban communities within Cameroon, Kenya and Ghana. Multilevel logistic and log-linear regression were used to assess socioeconomic and supply-side determinants of LPG usage (primary versus secondary fuel) and consumption (kilograms/capita/year), respectively. Supply-side factors (e.g. cylinder refill and transportation costs) and using single versus multi-burner stoves were better predictors of both the probability of primarily cooking with LPG and annual LPG consumption than household SES. These results suggest the need for policies promoting LPG access and stove equipment that meet household needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioeconomic Status and Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond Household Socioeconomic Status: Multilevel Modeling of Supply-Side Determinants of LPG Consumption among 5,500 Households in Sub-Saharan Africa

Shupler

Mangeni

Tawiah

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…While a considerable number of households have benefited from PMUY since it got implemented in 2016, issues such as recurring gas refill expenses, free access to solid cooking fuels, household financial instability, and poor LPG availability and accessibility in rural areas continue to hinder the adoption of LPG as the primary household fuel. (10) Such issues must be acknowledged and addressed in the long-run.…”

Section: Air Pollution and Covid-19 Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household air pollution and COVID-19 risk in India: A potential concern

Sharma¹,

Hossain²

2020

Preprint

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One in every two Indian households continues to rely on highly-polluting solid fuels to meet their cooking and other energy demands. Recent evidence demonstrates that people suffering from preconditions associated with air pollution and those with short-term exposures to air pollution are highly susceptible to the novel Coronavirus infection and associated morbidity and mortality. And as for many Indians, especially those with pre-existing health conditions and the elderly, home-based isolation and confinement practices are likely to continue to prevent the infection, exposure to household air pollution may render such population groups more susceptible to COVID-19. This warrants caution and demands immediate and specific actions; which are discussed. To protect the health and wellbeing of millions of Indians, during the COVID-19 crisis and beyond, addressing household air pollution should be prioritized and aligned with long term environmental health initiatives in the country.

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“…COPD most often occurs in people more than 40 years of age who smoke or have done so earlier in life with an average of 20 pack-years [10]. Interestingly, even though 95% of Indian households now have access to liquified petroleum gas via national schemes, it is not the primary choice of fuel among the poor sector of the society due to the ease of access to freely available biomass and reliance on uncertain and irregular income sources [11]. We apprehend that this trend will unfortunately be even more dominant during the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the period following it due to the devastating socio-economic effects involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Epidemiological and Experimental Approaches to Assess Adverse Health Outcomes of Indoor Biomass Smoke Exposure: Conclusions from An Indo-Swedish Workshop in Mysuru, January 2020

Anand

Larsson

Johanson

et al. 2020

Toxics

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This report summarizes the outcome of a workshop held in Mysuru, India in January 2020 addressing the adverse health effects of exposure to biomass smoke (BMS). The aim of the workshop was to identify uncertainties and gaps in knowledge and possible methods to address them in the Mysuru study on Determinants of Health in Rural Adults (MUDHRA) cohort. Specific aims were to discuss the possibility to improve and introduce new screening methods for exposure and effect, logistic limitations and other potential obstacles, and plausible strategies to overcome these in future studies. Field visits were included in the workshop prior to discussing these issues. The workshop concluded that multi-disciplinary approaches to perform: (a) indoor and personalized exposure assessment; (b) clinical and epidemiological field studies among children, adolescents, and adults; (c) controlled exposure experiments using physiologically relevant in vitro and in vivo models to understand molecular patho-mechanisms are warranted to dissect BMS-induced adverse health effects. It was perceived that assessment of dietary exposure (like phytochemical index) may serve as an important indicator for understanding potential protective mechanisms. Well trained field teams and close collaboration with the participating hospital were identified as the key requirements to successfully carry out the study objectives.

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The drivers of sustained use of liquified petroleum gas in India

Cited by 74 publications

References 57 publications

Beyond Household Socioeconomic Status: Multilevel Modeling of Supply-Side Determinants of LPG Consumption among 5,500 Households in Sub-Saharan Africa

Beyond Household Socioeconomic Status: Multilevel Modeling of Supply-Side Determinants of LPG Consumption among 5,500 Households in Sub-Saharan Africa

Household air pollution and COVID-19 risk in India: A potential concern

Clinical, Epidemiological and Experimental Approaches to Assess Adverse Health Outcomes of Indoor Biomass Smoke Exposure: Conclusions from An Indo-Swedish Workshop in Mysuru, January 2020

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