The Drosophila melanogaster host model

Igboin, Christina O.; Griffen, Ann L.; Leys, Eugene J.

doi:10.3402/jom.v4i0.10368

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 315 publications

(365 reference statements)

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“…e fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is also a good model for studying the innate immune responses to M. marinum infection, understanding the physiological consequences of such infection and the associated immune responses, along with anti-mycobacterial drug discovery [41]. As an animal model for studying host-pathogen interactions, D. melanogaster has significant advantages such as being easy to breed and handle, strong fecundity, short generation time, low cost, technical convenience, ethical acceptability, and genetic amenability [40,41]. D. melanogaster can be infected by M. marinum through anesthetizing with CO 2 and injection in the abdomen using an individually calibrated pulled glass needle, as characterized by widespread tissue damage and low bacterial loads [118].…”

Section: Fruit Flymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models of Tuberculosis Vaccine Research: An Important Component in the Fight against Tuberculosis

Gong

Liang

2020

BioMed Research International

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Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the top ten infectious diseases worldwide, and is the leading cause of morbidity from a single infectious agent. M. tuberculosis can cause infection in several species of animals in addition to humans as the natural hosts. Although animal models of TB disease cannot completely simulate the occurrence and development of human TB, they play an important role in studying the pathogenesis, immune responses, and pathological changes as well as for vaccine research. This review summarizes the commonly employed animal models, including mouse, guinea pig, rabbit, rat, goat, cattle, and nonhuman primates, and their characteristics as used in TB vaccine research, and provides a basis for selecting appropriate animal models according to specific research needs. Furthermore, some of the newest animal models used for TB vaccine research (such as humanized animal models, zebrafish, Drosophila, and amoeba) are introduced, and their characteristics and research progress are discussed.

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Section: Fruit Flymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models of Tuberculosis Vaccine Research: An Important Component in the Fight against Tuberculosis

Gong

Liang

2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Genetic model organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans or the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have yielded unexpected insights into many key biological principles, including host–pathogen relationships . Bacteria ingested either by worms or by flies are exposed in the gut lumen to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and reactive oxygen species produced by intestinal epithelial cells .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum‐sensing regulator RhlR but not its autoinducer RhlI enables Pseudomonas to evade opsonization

et al. 2018

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When feeds on, some bacteria cross the intestinal barrier and eventually proliferate in the hemocoel. This process is limited by hemocytes through phagocytosis. requires the quorum-sensing regulator RhlR to elude the cellular immune response of the fly. RhlI synthesizes the autoinducer signal that activates RhlR. Here, we show that mutants are unexpectedly more virulent than mutants, both in fly and in nematode intestinal infection models, suggesting that RhlR has RhlI-independent functions. We also report that RhlR protects from opsonization mediated by the thioester-containing protein 4 (Tep4). mutant bacteria show higher levels of mediated opsonization, as compared to mutants, which prevents lethal bacteremia in the hemocoel. In contrast, in a septic model of infection, in which bacteria are introduced directly into the hemocoel, mutant flies are more resistant to wild-type but not to the mutant. Thus, depending on the infection route, the Tep4 opsonin can either be protective or detrimental to host defense.

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“…In the injection method, a needle or a nanoinjector preloaded with pathogen culture is used to prick the body cavity (insect hemocoel). Injection requires anesthetization, which is usually done with carbon dioxide, and requires the transfer of insects into vials containing food, where the worms incubated at 25–30°C and their survival is evaluated ( Igboin et al, 2012 ). For ingestion, it is common to introduce the insects into small laboratory tubes containing filter disks embedded with media containing pathogens of interest.…”

Section: Animal Models To Study Bacterial Lung Pathogens Safety and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Animals devoid of pulmonary system as infection models in the study of lung bacterial pathogens

Hernández¹,

Yero

Pinos-Rodríguez

et al. 2015

Front. Microbiol.

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Biological disease models can be difficult and costly to develop and use on a routine basis. Particularly, in vivo lung infection models performed to study lung pathologies use to be laborious, demand a great time and commonly are associated with ethical issues. When infections in experimental animals are used, they need to be refined, defined, and validated for their intended purpose. Therefore, alternative and easy to handle models of experimental infections are still needed to test the virulence of bacterial lung pathogens. Because non-mammalian models have less ethical and cost constraints as a subjects for experimentation, in some cases would be appropriated to include these models as valuable tools to explore host–pathogen interactions. Numerous scientific data have been argued to the more extensive use of several kinds of alternative models, such as, the vertebrate zebrafish (Danio rerio), and non-vertebrate insects and nematodes (e.g., Caenorhabditis elegans) in the study of diverse infectious agents that affect humans. Here, we review the use of these vertebrate and non-vertebrate models in the study of bacterial agents, which are considered the principal causes of lung injury. Curiously none of these animals have a respiratory system as in air-breathing vertebrates, where respiration takes place in lungs. Despite this fact, with the present review we sought to provide elements in favor of the use of these alternative animal models of infection to reveal the molecular signatures of host–pathogen interactions.

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The Drosophila melanogaster host model

Cited by 24 publications

References 315 publications

Animal Models of Tuberculosis Vaccine Research: An Important Component in the Fight against Tuberculosis

Animal Models of Tuberculosis Vaccine Research: An Important Component in the Fight against Tuberculosis

Quorum‐sensing regulator RhlR but not its autoinducer RhlI enables Pseudomonas to evade opsonization

Animals devoid of pulmonary system as infection models in the study of lung bacterial pathogens

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