The dynamic responses of flow and near‐bed turbidity to typhoons on the continental shelf of the East China Sea: field observations

Xu, Jishang; Wang, Nan; Li, Guangxue; Dong, Ping; Li, Jianchao; Liu, Shidong; Ding, Dong; Wang, Zhen

doi:10.1002/gj.2804

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Note that, although the daily wind effect was taken into account in the HYCOM/NCODA currents, the relatively mild conditions in the observation of SSC may have resulted in an underestimate of sediment flux, especially during winter storms and typhoons (Xu et al ., ). Furthermore, no tidal currents were included in the HYCOM/NCODA product.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flux and its seasonal variation of suspended particulate matter in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

et al. 2016

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Transport and flux of suspended particulate matter (SPMs) are important but hotly debated topics in the Bohai Sea (BS), Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS). In this study, we calculated the sediment flux and its seasonal variation combining observed suspended sediment concentration (SSC) with numerically simulated currents. Field observations were conducted in the BS, YS and ECS at 43 stations in summer and 46 stations in winter along five transects. HYCOM/NCODA reanalysis data were used to calculate climatologically monthly averaged currents in January and July from 1998 to 2007. The results indicated that a high concentration of SPM moved out of the BS and moved southward into the YS and ECS in winter, with a net sediment flux of 0.12 t/s at the Bohai Strait and 4.37 t/s south of the Yangtze River. In summer, SSC increased from the surface to the bottom layer due to stratification. A southerly wind and stronger warm currents in summer transported SPM from the ECS to the YS and the BS, with a net northward sediment flux of 4.79 t/s at the boundary of the ECS and the YS, and a net sediment flux of 0.08 t/s input into the BS. This study can help to distinguish the contribution of the Yellow River-and Yangtze River-derived sediments to the mud-areas' generation on the continental shelves area of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flux and its seasonal variation of suspended particulate matter in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

et al. 2016

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“…Field observations show that the salinity of the surface water of an estuary usually shows a sharp change during a typhoon and the resulting rain, which gradually rises after entering the recovery period [8,[55][56][57]. During typhoon crossing, the disturbance caused by strong winds strengthens the mixing process of the estuary and its adjacent waters.…”

Section: Sea Surface Salinity Response To Tropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Wu¹,

Conde²

2020

Current Topics in Tropical Cyclone Research

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The Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea region are the birthplaces of most monsoon disturbances and tropical cyclones and are an important channel for the generation and transmission of water vapor. The Northwest Pacific plays a major role in regulating interdecadal and long-term changes in climate. China experiences the largest number of typhoon landfalls and the most destructive power affected by typhoons in the world. The hidden dangers of typhoon disasters are accelerating with the acceleration of urbanization, the rapid development of economic construction and global warming. The coastal cities are the most dynamic and affluent areas of China's economic development. They are the strong magnetic field that attracts international capital in China, and are also the most densely populated areas and important port groups in China. Although these regions are highly developed, they are vulnerable to disasters. When typhoons hit, the economic losses and casualties caused by gale, heavy rain and storm surges were particularly serious. This chapter reviews the response of coastal ocean to tropical cyclones, included sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, storm surge simulation and extreme rainfall under the influence of tropical cyclones.

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“…Typhoons have a significant impact on the hydrological situation on the shelf. For example, in the East China Sea at a depth of 110 m, Typhoon Danas caused changes in near-bottom water temperature and current speeds, which led to strong resuspension of sedimentary material [7]. Experimental and numerical models of fine-grained deposits transfer by hydrodynamic processes are considered in [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Hydrometeorological Conditions of Sediment Waves’ Formation and Migration in Peter the Great Bay (The Sea of Japan)

Samchenko

Долгих

Yaroshchuk

et al. 2023

Water

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New data were obtained on the formation mechanisms of relief sediment waves (SWs) in Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan. From the studies, we can assume that the sediment waves in the bay originate from two types of turbidity (TB) currents: (1) fine-dispersed TB currents caused by disintegrating internal waves and entrained by the Primorsky current along the shelf through SWs troughs; (2) fine- and coarse-grained TB currents, formed and entrained by the Primorsky current, intensified by the typhoons. This work presents the geological structure of the shelf area containing SWs. We established that the area of SWs location is on the border of change in facies conditions of sediment bedding in the bay. The transition from the inner shelf facies to the outer shelf facies occurs at a depth of 50–60 m. We analyzed the space variability of temperature and sound speed fields peculiar to the region on the results of hydrological CTD measurements and long-term measurements with moored vertical thermostrings. In the course of measurements, seven typhoons during their passage off the Primorye coast of the Russian Federation were registered. We found a significant change in the hydrological situation in the bay under the influence of extreme external factors. Under calm meteorological conditions, up to three mild thermoclines were observed in the bay, located at depths of 8–15 m, 30–35 m, and 45–60 m. During the passage of typhoons, they combined into one powerful thermocline at a depth of approximately 50–60 m, and in some cases, a high-gradient thermocline formed at the depths of 30–40 m (about 12–15 °C per 10 m of depth). The high-gradient layer significantly increases the amplitude and strength of internal gravity waves, thereby increasing the speed of currents in the water media. We should note that this period of transformation of the hydrological profile on the shelf under the influence of typhoons covers the period from August to October-November. We established that in the SWs location area, firstly, the process of internal waves disintegration intensifies in the autumn season, resulting in the formation of the waves with lengths close to the SWs horizontal scales (SWs wavelengths); secondly, under the influence of the typhoons entering the Sea of Japan, the kinetic energy of the shelf branch of the Primorsky current increases. In this case, it acts as a source of TB currents, including medium- and coarse-grained sedimentary material that forms SWs.

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The dynamic responses of flow and near‐bed turbidity to typhoons on the continental shelf of the East China Sea: field observations

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Flux and its seasonal variation of suspended particulate matter in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Flux and its seasonal variation of suspended particulate matter in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Extreme Hydrometeorological Conditions of Sediment Waves’ Formation and Migration in Peter the Great Bay (The Sea of Japan)

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