The Dynamical Effects of Interactions between Inducible Plant Resistance and Food Limitation during Insect Outbreaks

Abbott, Karen C.

doi:10.1002/9781118295205.ch2

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Clark () states that severe Cardiaspina outbreaks result in their own density‐induced decline as a result of depletion of the available leaves for feeding and oviposition. Such density‐dependent resource limitation has generally been documented in insect outbreaks (Monro, ; Harrison, ), although it is still unclear whether it is a key factor influencing outbreaks given the rarity of severe defoliation (Abbott, ). Tree density did not play a role in determining psyllid density on leaves, nor the progression and severity of the defoliation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Description and analysis of insect population explosions are essential for improving our capacity to predict the commencement, progression and collapse of insect outbreaks (Abbott, ). Research aiming to investigate insect outbreaks in natural ecosystems such as forests is often opportunistic and challenging with regard to replication because such outbreaks are sporadic and can also start locally and progress quickly, although there are examples with respect to periodicity (Esper et al ., ) and spatial synchrony (Liebhold et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy of an outbreak: the biology and population dynamics of aCardiaspinapsyllid species in an endangered woodland ecosystem

et al. 2015

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1 Climate, resource availability and natural enemies are pivotal factors influencing population fluctuations of insects. However, the principal factors underlying insect outbreaks, particularly in natural ecosystems, are still debated and may vary between species. 2 We assessed the role of these factors on psyllid population dynamics during the peak and decline of a Cardiaspina psyllid outbreak in a critically endangered eucalypt woodland in Australia. Initially, this involved describing the field biology and ecology of a newly reported Cardiaspina species on grey box (Eucalyptus moluccana Roxb.). 3 Within 1 year, the psyllid completed four generations. Its biology and parasitoid complex were similar to other Cardiaspina species during outbreaks. 4 Minimum winter temperature was a key driver of psyllid development and density.Natural enemies did not prevent or control this outbreak. 5 The outbreak resulted in area-wide and chronic defoliation of host trees. Resource depletion and summer heat waves impacting critical developmental stages of psyllids were the major factors responsible for the significant reduction of psyllid populations in early 2013. However, ongoing regeneration of trees in the highly fragmented woodlands may allow recolonization of new foliage and chronic infestations to continue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of an outbreak: the biology and population dynamics of aCardiaspinapsyllid species in an endangered woodland ecosystem

et al. 2015

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“…Fall armyworm is a voracious pest that shows great adaptation to diverse environments and survives on a wide range of hosts. The quality and quantity of food available to a large extent determine the rate of insect growth, survival and reproduction (Abbott 2012). Therefore, insect fecundity and rapid population growth in a new area of invasion could be enhanced by low defense and high food quality of the host (Awmack and Leather 2002;Yanchuk et al 2008;Cudmore et al 2010).…”

Section: Food Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Anjorin

Odeyemi

Akinbode

et al. 2022

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Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW) is an important invasive pest of maize. The young FAW larva disrupts the photosynthetic system by feeding on the leaves. The older caterpillar interferes with pollination and fertilization processes, destroying the tassel and silks, or it bores into the maize cob, reducing harvest quality and predisposing the cob to secondary infections. The infested plant responds by channeling or converting the primary metabolites into secondary metabolites for plant defense, further reducing crop yield. The devastating feeding effect on maize becomes even more severe when maize plants are exposed to prolonged drought, during which the production of secondary metabolites is optimum. These secondary metabolites are food for herbivorous insects like the fall armyworm. Naturally, plants possess several adaptive features which enable them to cope and survive herbivorous insect attacks without compensating yield for plant defense. Such features include: thickening of the leaf cuticle of the epidermal cell walls, production of certain allelochemicals, defense proteins and the toxic chemical compound, favone glycoside (silk maysin). This review attempts to critically appraise the physiological implications of fall armyworm damage on developmental processes and maize yield. Understanding the mechanisms of various adaptive traits that confer resistance to maize against herbivorous insect damage would assist greatly in crop improvement processes.

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“…Induced responses in plants to herbivory have been proposed as a potential factor driving fluctuations in populations of outbreaking herbivores (reviewed in Karban & Baldwin, ; Abbott, ; Elderd et al., ). However, for herbivore cycles to be driven by induced plant responses, in particular induced resistance, several basic conditions must be met.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for herbivore cycles to be driven by induced plant responses, in particular induced resistance, several basic conditions must be met. First, herbivory must alter host plant quality for subsequent use, thereby influencing herbivore preference and performance with associated effects on overall population growth and distribution (Karban & Baldwin, ; Abbott, ). Induced resistance to herbivory may be associated with a myriad of factors – including plant chemical composition, phenological development, and growth – and may reflect in the plant an adaptive defensive response or simple nutrient stress caused by foliage loss (Karban & Baldwin, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced tree response to herbivory influences the foraging preference and performance of a conifer‐defoliating sawfly

Johns

Leggo

2014

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Herbivory often alters the growth and development of woody plants and can thereby render hosts less susceptible to subsequent herbivores. We carried out field surveys and experiments to investigate how previous herbivory influences adult egg lay, larval feeding preference, and associated survival of the yellowheaded spruce sawfly, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), within crowns of black spruce, Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton et al. (Pinaceae). Pikonema alaskensis females laid nearly twice as many eggs, and late‐instar larvae consumed nearly twice as much foliar biomass, on undefoliated vs. defoliated branches. The major factor driving the lower incidence of egg lay on defoliated branches was a significant reduction in the availability of preferred size classes of shoots. In general, adult females preferred medium‐sized shoots, whereas late instars preferred large shoots; previous defoliation generally decreased the availability of medium and large shoots. In a field bioassay, late‐instar survival generally declined with increasing defoliation, which again corresponded to significant reductions in shoot length on defoliated branches. The tendency of P. alaskensis to avoid shoots on severely defoliated branches is likely to increase the time lag between herbivory and the feedback effects of induction and could thus contribute to fluctuations in sawfly population density during outbreak. Our results differ from numerous past studies of closely related diprionid sawflies in conifers, most of which have reported weak or positive effects of previous herbivory on host susceptibility; we attribute the observed responses of spruce to the unusual sawfly feeding preference of P. alaskensis for developing conifer foliage.

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The Dynamical Effects of Interactions between Inducible Plant Resistance and Food Limitation during Insect Outbreaks

Cited by 5 publications

References 89 publications

Anatomy of an outbreak: the biology and population dynamics of aCardiaspinapsyllid species in an endangered woodland ecosystem

Anatomy of an outbreak: the biology and population dynamics of aCardiaspinapsyllid species in an endangered woodland ecosystem

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Induced tree response to herbivory influences the foraging preference and performance of a conifer‐defoliating sawfly

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