The dynamics of experimental arable weed communities under different management practices

McCloskey, M; Firbank, L. G.; Watkinson, Andrew R.; Webb, David J.

doi:10.2307/3236458

Cited by 72 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The largest families were the Asteraceae (61 species), Poaceae (55), Brassicaceae (15), Polygonaceae (14) and Apiaceae (11). The most significant genera were Amaranthus, Bromus and Rumex with seven species each.…”

Section: Number Of Weed Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of weeds that are increasingly spreading in Europe

Weber

Gut²

2005

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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-A Europe-wide survey was conducted by sending questionnaires to weed scientists in order to evaluate currently troublesome weeds and those which may cause problems in the future. Recipients were asked to list species that are spreading and cause problems in agroecosystems, and to rate these according to three scores (degree of weediness, degree of spread potential, and degree of control success), with three levels for each score (low, medium and high). In total, 281 species were reported from 26 European countries. Most of them were annuals (48%), followed by perennials (34%) and biennials (14%). There were significant differences in weed scores among these life forms. Weed scores were unrelated to each other, implying that they have different meanings with respect to the biology of the species. Weed scores did not correlate with European range size, implying that they indicate the weediness of the species independently of the geographical distribution and can be used to prioritize weed species for management. noxious weed lists / risk assessment / surveys / weediness / weed control

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Section: Number Of Weed Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of weeds that are increasingly spreading in Europe

Weber

Gut²

2005

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…No sistema anuais+fruteiras, as monocotiledôneas tiveram um aumento contínuo, o que pode ter sido em razão dos cultivos anuais mais freqüentes e que permitiram maior movimentação do solo (Figura 2). Estes dados concordam com resultados anteriores relatados, que concluíram pela menor perturbação do solo como responsáveis pela redução da reinfestação das plantas invasoras, incluindo espécies da família Poaceae (McCloskey et al, 1996). Nos agrossistemas tropicais, as comunidades de plantas invasoras dominantes são formadas por espécies nativas e cosmopolitas.…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Caracterização Das Plantas Invasoras unclassified

“…Stevensen et al (1997) observaram efeito significativo da interação rotação x tratos culturais na diversidade de invasoras. Para McCloskey et al (1996) os tratos culturais são as práticas mais importantes que afetam a densidade das plantas invasoras.…”

Section: Key-wordsunclassified

Plantas invasoras em sistemas agroflorestais com cupuaçuzeiro no município de Presidente Figueiredo (Amazonas, Brasil)

2003

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RESUMO -A infestação crescente de plantas invasoras nos sistemas agrícolas causa prejuízos às lavouras, com decréscimos acentuados da produtividade, quer pela competição direta pelos fatores de produção, quer pelos compostos alelopáticos liberados. Este trabalho consistiu de um levantamento e análise fitossociológica de alguns aspectos de espécies de invasoras que ocorrem em sistemas agroflorestais com cupuaçuzeiro, em três arranjos de culturas (mandioca+fruteiras; anuais+fruteiras; maracujá+fruteiras), sob três sistemas de adubação (NPK+MO, adubação com Fósforo e Fósforo+leguminosa). As coletas das plantas invasoras feitas em seis amostras de 0,25 m 2 por parcela foram posteriormente levadas ao laboratório para identificação. As 55 espécies identificadas estavam distribuídas em 23 famílias botânicas, sendo 43 espécies de dicotiledôneas (78,2%), 11 de monocotiledôneas (20,0%) e uma de pteridófita (1,8%). As famílias Poaceae (monocotiledônea) e Asteraceae (dicotiledônea) foram as mais freqüentes e com maior número de indivíduos. As espécies mais freqüentes e com maior número de plantas por m 2 foram Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius (área A) e Homolepis aturensis (Kunth) Chase (área B), ambas da família Poaceae; Ageratum conyzoides L. da família Asteraceae, apresentou a maior densidade. Os coeficientes de similaridade variaram entre as áreas amostradas, sendo os maiores índices observados nos tratamentos que receberam adubação com matéria orgânica, particularmente nos sistemas mandioca+fruteiras. As práticas agrícolas e os sistemas de manejo do solo e das lavouras exerceram influência na composição florística e no tamanho das comunidades de plantas invasoras em cada local. O número de monocotiledôneas foi menor no tratamento com adubação NPK+MO. Palavras-chave: Theobroma grandiflorum, plantas daninhas, monocotiledôneas, dicotiledôneas Weedy plants in agroforestry systems with cupuassu in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo (Amazonas, Brazil).ABSTRACT -The increase of weed infestation on agricultural systems cause damages to the crops, decreasing plant productivity by the direct competition or by alelopathy. This work have undertaken a survey and phytosociological analysis of some aspects of weed species that occur in agroforestry systems with cupuassu. The treatments consisted of three crops arrangements (cassava+fruit trees; annuals crops+fruit trees; passion fruit+fruit trees), and three fertilizer management (NPK+OM, with Phosphorus and Phosphorus+leguminous). Three harvests of weed plants were accomplished, being six samples of 0,25 m 2 per plot. The identification of the species of the weed plants were carried out in the laboratory. The 55 weed species identified were distributed in 23 botanical families, being 43 of dicotyledonous species, 11 of monocotyledonous, and one of pteridophyta. The families Poaceae (monocotyledonous) and Asteraceae (dicotyledonous) were the most frequent and with large number of individuals. The most frequent species and with large number of plants per m 2 were Paspalum conju...

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“…Agronomy is served by relating a range of site conditions and cropping measures to weed diversity and species composition (Andersson and Milberg 1998;Lososová et al 2004;Fried et al 2008;Šilc et al 2009) or by providing valuable knowledge of weed species occurrences and their prospering under different conditions (Frick and Thomas 1992;McCloskey et al 1996). From an agronomic viewpoint, weed surveys are interesting as they can perform as complement to field experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to conduct and analyse weed surveys in arable farming: a review

Hanzlik

Gerowitt

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Arable weeds always accompany arable farming; however, species and abundances vary in space and change in time. Surveys assess weeds on a large spatial scale. The regional and national importance, the abundances in which weeds occur, is derived from surveys. Environmental and management background data assist to explain the weed vegetation. Arable weed surveys can have an agronomic, a botanical or an ecological purpose-we approach the agronomic viewpoint. Scientific value results from spatial data about the arable weed vegetation for modelling the dependencies and predicting future changes on a large scale. Researchers, botanists, farmers, advisors, herbicide manufacturers and other industry players engaged in weed control can get rationale spatial impressions of trends in the weed vegetation. This review focuses on methodical aspects of weed surveys. Forty-three surveys on farmed fields, mainly but not exclusively undertaken in Europe, done in up to nine crops per survey covering periods of 1 to 67 years and including 59 to 4423 fields were excerpted for suitable methods to conduct and analyse surveys. The methods reflect agronomic and other targets, e.g. from vegetation science. When accessing existing data, the interdependencies of the layout and all targets should be handled with care. When setting up surveys for agronomic purpose, it is worthwhile to include 3 years and apply stratified sampling. We recommend assessing abundances rather than presence only. Weed survey data is most suitable for applying multivariate statistics. We recommend using proven methods, without discouraging to explore others. To collect sound explanatory data demands for robust contacts with land managers. Explanatory variables are important in survey analyses to extract knowledge about the drivers of the weed vegetation. We conclude that extra value can be obtained from existing weed survey data. We propose to setup public-private partnerships as a way to carry on with arable weed surveys.

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The dynamics of experimental arable weed communities under different management practices

Cited by 72 publications

References 13 publications

A survey of weeds that are increasingly spreading in Europe

A survey of weeds that are increasingly spreading in Europe

Plantas invasoras em sistemas agroflorestais com cupuaçuzeiro no município de Presidente Figueiredo (Amazonas, Brasil)

Methods to conduct and analyse weed surveys in arable farming: a review

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