2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.08.22268944
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The Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity with Changes in Aerosol Microenvironment

Abstract: Understanding the factors that influence the airborne survival of viruses such as SARSCoV2 in aerosols is important for identifying routes of transmission and the value of various mitigation strategies for preventing transmission. We present measurements of the stability of SARSCoV2 in aerosol droplets (5 to 10 micrometres equilibrated radius) over timescales spanning from 5 seconds to 20 minutes using a novel instrument to probe survival in a small population of droplets (typically 5-10) containing ~1 virus/d… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(47 citation statements)
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“…The biphasic virus decay that is readily observed in droplets likely occurs in aerosols, too, as shown in published work and a preprint. 2,9,24,25 While a droplet/aerosol is wet and evaporation is still occurring, the virus is subject to a faster decay rate than after the droplet/aerosol reaches a solid or semi-solid state at quasi-equilibrium, 5 as we also observed for all droplet sizes tested. At the point of efflorescence (the crystallization of salts as water evaporates), if it occurs, there appears to be a rapid loss in infectivity.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
“…The biphasic virus decay that is readily observed in droplets likely occurs in aerosols, too, as shown in published work and a preprint. 2,9,24,25 While a droplet/aerosol is wet and evaporation is still occurring, the virus is subject to a faster decay rate than after the droplet/aerosol reaches a solid or semi-solid state at quasi-equilibrium, 5 as we also observed for all droplet sizes tested. At the point of efflorescence (the crystallization of salts as water evaporates), if it occurs, there appears to be a rapid loss in infectivity.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
“…On the other hand, a very weak association between relative humidity and Re was found. The relationship between relative humidity and the transmissibility has been studied but with different conclusions [12][13][14][26].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 is given by the source term (which is the emission of pathogen copies into the room by the infectious) and four sink term: (i) the removal of pathogens via inhalation by the infectious, (ii) the removal of pathogens via inhalation by the susceptible (this yields the absorbed dose per time for the susceptible, which determines the infection risk), (iii) the removal of pathogens due to ventilation of the room or usage of an air purifier with β v in the unit of air changes per second, and (iv) the pathogen inactivation γ, which is approximately 0.64 h −1 as described in van Doremalen et al (2020). A recent study by Oswin et al (2022) shows that pathogen inactivation might depend on relative humidity and ambient CO 2 concentration and could actually be faster compared to the data in van Doremalen et al ( 2020). As we are interested in the upper bound on exposure to infectious particles, we use the more conservative inactivation rate by van Doremalen et al (2020).…”
Section: Calculation Of the Infection Risk In The Far-fieldmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another aspect that introduces uncertainty to the model is that the dependence of ρ p on particle origin site and time during the course of the disease is not known. There is also a recent discussion about the inactivation rate for particles containing SARS-CoV-2, which could depend on several parameters of the room air and could be higher (Oswin et al, 2022). On the other hand, simpler models like the ones used in Miller et al (2020), Stockman et al (2021) and Firle et al (2021) have the same issues while they also do not take the size to volume ratio of the particles into account.…”
Section: Other Considerations For the Infection Risk Assessmentsmentioning
confidence: 99%