The dynamics of urban traffic congestion and the price of parking

Fosgerau, Mogens; Palma, André de

doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.06.008

Cited by 91 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Zhang et al (2008) further extended Arnott et al (1991) by deriving the daily commuting pattern that combines both the morning and evening commutes. More recently, attentions have been paid to how parking capacity allocations, parking fees, parking permits and parking reservations can be designed to improve traffic efficiency in a dynamic network with one roadway bottleneck Qian et al 2011Qian et al , 2012Fosgerau and de Palma, 2013;Yang et al 2013;Liu et al 2014a,b ). However, in most of these studies, the cruising for parking is not modeled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the morning commute for urban networks with cruising-for-parking: An MFD approach

Liu¹,

Geroliminis²

2016

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tThis study focuses on the morning commute problem with explicit consideration of cruising-for-parking, and its adverse impacts on traffic congestion. The cruising-for-parking is modeled through a dynamic aggregated traffic model for networks: the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD). Firstly, we formulate the commuting equilibrium in a congested downtown network where travelers have to cruise for curbside parking spaces. The cruising-for-parking would yield longer trip distance and smaller network outflow, and thus can induce severe congestion and lengthen the morning peak. We then develop a dynamic model of pricing for the network to reduce total social cost, which includes cruising time cost, moving time cost (moving or in-transit time, which is the duration during which vehicles move close to the destination but do not cruise for parking yet), and schedule delay cost. We show that under specific assumptions, at the system optimum, the downtown network should be operating at the maximum production of its MFD. However, the cruising effect is not fully eliminated. We also show that the time-dependent toll to support the system optimum has a different shape than the classical fine toll in Vickrey's bottleneck model. In the end, analytical results are illustrated and verified with numerical experiments.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the morning commute for urban networks with cruising-for-parking: An MFD approach

Liu¹,

Geroliminis²

2016

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several researchers studied parking pricing by examining the effect of time-variable parking rates. Related studies include investigations on on-street price-elasticity that varies by day and time [15], time-variable parking charges [17], the effects of charging for parking by the minute [18], real-time dynamic pricing in parking [19], and time-variable parking fees for commuters [20].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of Parking Pricing on Land Use and Time of Day

Zong

Yang

2015

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A key strategy of sustainable transportation, parking pricing can directly contribute to decreased greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. This paper describes an optimal structure of parking rates in terms of parking locations and time of day. A two-level parking model based on game theory is established using parking survey data collected in Beijing in 2014. The model was estimated based on Stackelberg game and the Nash equilibrium. Using the two-level parking model, the optimal structure of parking rates for inside/outside business zones and during peak/off-peak hours was calculated. In addition, the relationship between the government (which represents the public benefit) and car users, as well as the relationships among car users in the parking system were investigated. The results indicate that equilibrium among all of the agents in the parking system can be obtained using the proposed parking rate structure. The findings provide a better understanding of parking behavior, and the two-level parking model presented in the paper can be used to determine the optimal parking rate to balance the temporal and spatial distribution of parking demand in urban areas. This research helps reduce car use and the parking-related cruising time and thus contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions and air pollution.

show abstract

“…Qian et al (2012) investigated how parking fees and parking supply can be designed to help mitigate traffic congestion and reduce travel costs. Parking pricing has been advocated as an alternative of road pricing to help manage traffic (e.g., Fosgerau and de Palma, 2013). For a recent review of parking studies, one may refer to Inci (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing morning commute with parking space constraints in the case of a bi-modal many-to-one network

Liu

Zhang²,

Yang

2015

Transportmetrica A: Transport Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, some studies examined how downtown parking space limitation re-shapes the morning commute in the case of a single origin-destination network. This paper further formulates and analyses the commuting equilibrium problem of both mode and departure time choices in a bi-modal (auto and public transit) many-to-one network. Several properties of the equilibrium under parking space constraints and the proposed parking reservation system are discussed. Procedures for computing the dynamic user equilibrium with a parking space constraint (either trading of reservations is allowed or not) have been developed. We show that parking reservation can help reduce deadweight loss due to parking competition and roadway congestion. We also found that assigning more reservations to travelers from a specific origin does not necessarily reduce total travel cost of them, while doing so might raise the total travel cost of travelers from other origins. When parking supply is less than the potential demand but is relatively large, it is socially preferred to retain some parking spaces open for competition. However, when the total parking supply is relatively small, all parking spaces should be reserved to travelers. Besides, we show trading of reservations among travelers would yield an efficiency loss. This loss can be fairly large thus trading should be prohibited.

show abstract

The dynamics of urban traffic congestion and the price of parking

Cited by 91 publications

References 22 publications

Modeling the morning commute for urban networks with cruising-for-parking: An MFD approach

Modeling the morning commute for urban networks with cruising-for-parking: An MFD approach

Dependence of Parking Pricing on Land Use and Time of Day

Managing morning commute with parking space constraints in the case of a bi-modal many-to-one network

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About