The earliest chimaeriform fish from the Carboniferous of Central Russia

Lebedev, Oleg A.; Popov, Evgeny; Bagirov, S. V.; Bolshiyanov, Igor P.; Kadyrov, Rail; Statsenko, Evgeny

doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.1977732

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While phylogenetic evidence suggests that the squaloraoids diverged from other chimaeriforms in the Carboniferous (Lebedev et al, 2021), up to now, no pre-Jurassic squalorajoid remains have been identified. Sulcacanthus schachti, represented by a rostral cartilage from the Visean that resembles that of Squaloraja, might help to fill that gap.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The shapes of the median rostral cartilage and of the frontal clasper of Squaloraja might be adaptations to having a dorsoventrally flattened body, which itself might be an adaptation to a benthic mode of life. In that case, the morphology of Sulcacanthus could be due to having a similar environment and mode of life compared to would be of great interest, since the oldest currently known myriacanthoids are from the Late Triassic (Popov et al, 2009), but cladistic analyses suggest that myriacanthoids had diverged from other chimaeriforms at least by the Visean (Lebedev et al, 2021). In this regard, we note that an unnamed holocephalan from the Late Pennsylvanian (Kasimovian) Kinney Brick Quarry Konservat-Lagerstätte of New Mexico, USA is thought to be a myriacanthoid (Hodnett & Lucas, 2021, p. 369;Hodnett, pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cladogram has less resolution than the others referred to here since it is based solely on dental characters. However, it implies a divergence of the lineage leading to Squaloraja and the lineage leading to Callorhynchus no later than the earliest known appearance of Protochimaera Lebedev & Popov, 2021in Lebedev et al, (2021 in the Middle Mississippian (Tulian substage of the Visean stage). As pointed out by Lebedev et al (2021), this implies the existence of a 'ghost lineage' greater than 130 My from the earliest squalorajoid to Squaloraja.…”

Section: Access Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it implies a divergence of the lineage leading to Squaloraja and the lineage leading to Callorhynchus no later than the earliest known appearance of Protochimaera Lebedev & Popov, 2021in Lebedev et al, (2021 in the Middle Mississippian (Tulian substage of the Visean stage). As pointed out by Lebedev et al (2021), this implies the existence of a 'ghost lineage' greater than 130 My from the earliest squalorajoid to Squaloraja. In this context, it is interesting to note the early phylogenetic tree of the holocephalans from Dean (1906) (Fig.…”

Section: Access Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the cladogram (Fig.8) is correct, then the Chondrenchelyiformes, the Helodontiformes, the Psammodontiformes, and the Copodontiformes also have their origins prior to the Carboniferous. The Visean age of Protochimaera mirabilis (node D)(Lebedev et al, 2021) implies origins for the Echinochimaeroidei, the Squalorajoidei (here tentatively identified from the Visean) (node B), and the Myria-canthoidei (now tentatively known from the Kasimovian) (node C) no later than the Visean. This suggests that myriacanthoids 30 My older than the one identified from the Kinney Brick Quarry Konservat-Lagerstätte exist but are yet to be identified.…”

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An enigmatic chondrichthyan spine from the Visean of Indiana, USA that resembles a median rostral cartilage of Squaloraja (Holocephali, Chimaeriformes)

Itano

Duffin

2023

Spanish J. Palaeontol.

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Squaloraja Riley, 1837 is a genus of Early Jurassic chimaeriform fishes first described from the 'Lower Lias' beds of Lyme Regis in Dorset, England. Unlike all other Mesozoic chimaeriforms, it has a depressiform, dorsoventrally flattened body morphology. The genus has also been described from the Sinemurian of Osteno (northern Italy) (Duffin & Patterson, 1993) and the Hettangian of Belgium (Delsate, 2005;Delsate et al., 2002). Several quasi-complete skeletons are known. The relatively large head makes up around one third of the total body length. A large rostrum forms three quarters of the total skull length and was supported in life by three main cartilages: a long median and two scimitar-shaped, broad-based lateral rostral cartilages. In males, the proximal two-thirds of the dorsal surface of the median rostral cartilage was opposed by a frontal clasper (tenaculum). This sexually dimorphic feature is largely parallel sided, with a rounded distal tip and a spatulate, expanded base proximally, articulating with the neurocranium. The length of the clasper cartilage sits in a shallow longitudinal groove on the dorsal surface of the median rostral cartilage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Access Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Access Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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An enigmatic chondrichthyan spine from the Visean of Indiana, USA that resembles a median rostral cartilage of Squaloraja (Holocephali, Chimaeriformes)

Itano

Duffin

2023

Spanish J. Palaeontol.

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The Palaeozoic assembly of the holocephalan body plan far preceded post-Cretaceous radiations into the ocean depths

Brownstein,

Near,

Dearden

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Among cartilaginous fishes, Holocephali represents the species-depauperate, morphologically conservative sister to sharks, rays and skates and the last survivor of a once far greater Palaeozoic and Mesozoic diversity. Currently, holocephalan diversity is concentrated in deep-sea species, suggesting that this lineage might contain relictual diversity that now persists in the ocean depths. However, the relationships of living holocephalans to their extinct relatives and the timescale of their diversification remain unclear. Here, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of holocephalans using comprehensive morphological and DNA sequence datasets. Our results suggest that crown holocephalans entered and diversified in deep (below 1000 m) ocean waters after the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction, contrasting with the hypothesis that this ecosystem has acted as a refugium of ancient cartilaginous fishes. These invasions were decoupled from the evolution of key features of the holocephalan body plan, including crushing dentition, a single frontal clasper, and holostylic jaw suspension, during the Palaeozoic Era. However, these invasions considerably postdated the appearance of extant holocephalan families 150 million years ago during a major period of biotic turnover in oceans termed the Mesozoic Marine Revolution. These results clarify the origins of living holocephalans as the recent diversification of a single surviving clade among numerous Palaeozoic lineages.

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The Paleozoic assembly of the holocephalian body plan far preceded post-Cretaceous radiations into the ocean depths

Brownstein,

Near,

Dearden

2024

Preprint

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Among cartilaginous fishes,Holocephalirepresents the species-depauperate, morphologically conservative sister to sharks, rays, and skates and the last survivor of a once far greater Paleozoic and Mesozoic diversity. Currently, holocephalian diversity is concentrated in deep-sea species, suggesting this lineage might contain relictual diversity that persisted in the ocean depths. Yet, the relationships of living holocephalians to their extinct relatives and the timescale of diversification of living species remains unclear. Here, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of holocephalians using comprehensive morphological and DNA sequence datasets. Our results suggest that living holocephalians entered and diversified in deep (>1000 m) ocean waters after the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction, contrasting with the hypothesis that this ecosystem has acted as a refugium of ancient cartilaginous fishes. These invasions were decoupled from the evolution of key features of the holocephalian body plan, including crushing dentition, a single frontal clasper, and holostylic jaw suspension, in the Paleozoic Era, and considerably postdated the appearance of the living familes by 150 million years ago during a major period of biotic turnover in oceans termed the Mesozoic Marine Revolution. These results clarify the origins of living holocephalians as the recent diversification of a single surviving clade among numerous Paleozoic lineages.

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The earliest chimaeriform fish from the Carboniferous of Central Russia

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

An enigmatic chondrichthyan spine from the Visean of Indiana, USA that resembles a median rostral cartilage of Squaloraja (Holocephali, Chimaeriformes)

An enigmatic chondrichthyan spine from the Visean of Indiana, USA that resembles a median rostral cartilage of Squaloraja (Holocephali, Chimaeriformes)

The Palaeozoic assembly of the holocephalan body plan far preceded post-Cretaceous radiations into the ocean depths

The Paleozoic assembly of the holocephalian body plan far preceded post-Cretaceous radiations into the ocean depths

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