The Early Diagnosis of Acute and Latent Plumbism

Smith, Frederick L.; Rathmell, Thomas K.; Marcil, George E.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/8.5.471

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…With the reports from the blood lead service as a clue, numerous instances have occurred in the past 6 years wherein outbreaks of industrial lead poisoning were immediately called to the attention of the Bureau of Occupational Diseases and the Division of Industrial Hygiene. An excellent example which has already been cited 1 related to an incident involving several cases of lead poisoning in a manufacturing plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Lead Determinations as a Health Department Laboratory Service

Kaplan¹,

McDonald²

1942

Am J Public Health Nations Health

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…analysis in providing evidence of lead absorption in cases of suspected lead intoxication. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Since July, 1935, we have routinely examined more than 1,400 specimens of blood from over 1,000 individuals. The blood lead service has been used by more than 20 local hospitals and by more than 80 private physicians.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Lead Determinations as a Health Department Laboratory Service

Kaplan¹,

McDonald²

1942

Am J Public Health Nations Health

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“…It has been assayed in greater amounts, for example, in association with toxic symptoms (65,97) and with the use of CaNa2EDTA (86,98) for the purpose of de-leading individuals. However, the PbE and noncell concentrations have also been increased without apparent symptomology, and vice versa.…”

Section: Plasma and Serummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also presented the concentrations for an additional case studied, along with the leucocyte and erthyrocyte concentrations of lead. More recently, McRoberts (65) was the appointed doctor for a lead battery factory in the U. K. He tried to avoid some of the problems of Smith et al (97). He drew 6-8 ml of heparinized blood in lead-free syringes and sent these to the National Occupational Hygiene Service for analysis.…”

Section: Al Tables 4 and 5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, it involves a continuum of change from normalcy to ill-health. " Smith, et al (97) ranked the many signs and symptoms of lead toxicity in adults. He added the caveat, "It should be remembered that all of these symptoms will never be found in any single case and frequently a patient is presented for observation or treatment whose past history to lead exposure would cause one to expect symptoms conform- (167) gave a shorter list for adults, in descending order of frequency of the presenting symptom: abdominal pain, constipation, vomiting, nonabdominal pain, asthenia, paresthesia, psychological symptoms and diarrhea.…”

Section: Clinical Sequelae Of Lead Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indices of potential lead hazard.

Posner¹

1977

Environ Health Perspect

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This review is concerned with the concentrations of lead in human whole blood, erythrocytes, plasma, serum, soft tissues, bone, and urine. The extent to which redistribution of some of the bound lead occurs is outlined. The effects of lead on enzyme activities and on the accumulation of metabolic intermediates in the blood and urine are described. A brief section deals with the range ofsigns and symptoms that can occur and differences seen between symptomatic children and adults.

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Lead Poisoning in Roofers

Magnuson¹,

Raulston²

1940

JAMA

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The gloves probably make the hands more susceptible to dermatophytid formation through their macerating effects and, after their formation, tend to convert the noninflammatory dermatophytids into acute inflamma¬ tory lesions by the same mechanical processes.For the dermatitis thus produced, we suggest the name "leather-phytids," thus expressing in two words what it requires many sentences to explain. We further suggest the term "chemical phytids" for dermatitis due to a combined sensitivity to a chemical and to superficial mycotic infection. When the chemical is known, for instance potassium bichromate, the term "potassium bichromate phytids" is appropriate. CONCLUSION 1. We have carried out studies of an eczematoid type of industrial dermatitis of the hands appearing in workmen wearing leather gloves many hours daily. The dermatitis has been shown to be caused by two factors: (1) the traumatizing effect of the gloves, and (2) allergic sensitization of the hands due to the pres¬ ence of dermatophytosis elsewhere (usually on the feet).2. Since dermatophytosis of the feet is almost uni¬ versal among industrial workers, many of whom must wear leather gloves for protection, we believe that "glove phytids" will be recognized with great frequency.3. We have used a method of treatment which we believe is rational and which has given good results in this series of cases.the literature fails to reveal an account of such a condition in this occupational group, and since in the light of our investigations the hazard of lead poisoning is a new one in these workers, a report is considered justified. The most important information concerning these patients is summarized in the accompanying table. All the patients are males and with but two exceptions are in early adult life. These men have been working as roofers from periods of three months to ten years. All of them give a history of holding the galvanized roofing nails in their mouths while working. None of these give a history of any other exposure to lead. The most striking facts about the entire group are found in the dates of their first attacks of colic. As long as most of these men had been working at this occupation, with but one exception none of them had had lead colic previous to May 1939. The diagnoses on admission or prior to entry are in no way surprising. Patient 1 had a diagnosis of possible lead poisoning made prior to admission on the basis of basophilic stippling in the red blood cells. Patients 5 and 6 made their own diagnoses on the basis of the previous experiences of their fellow workers. It should be noted that one of the patients had an appendectomy at the time of his first attacks of colic.Each patient complained of colic and all but three of constipation of a moderately severe degree. Only one presented evidence of neuritis and in this instance it was limited to paresthesias involving the arm. None of the patients presented indications of notable neuro¬ logic changes. The lead line was present in but three.In view of the conflicting reports in the l...

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The Early Diagnosis of Acute and Latent Plumbism

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Blood Lead Determinations as a Health Department Laboratory Service

Blood Lead Determinations as a Health Department Laboratory Service

Indices of potential lead hazard.

Lead Poisoning in Roofers

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