The Early History of the Cochlear Implant

Mudry, Albert; Mills, Mara

doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2013.293

Cited by 209 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Development of cochlea implants rises fast, while its way from its beginning in the 18 th century till now was rough [22][23][24] . Because of the tremendous success in speech understanding, the indication for a CI is widened.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear implantation improves hearing and vertigo in patients after removal of vestibular schwannoma

Roemer¹,

Lenarz²,

Lesinski‐Schiedat³

2017

The International Tinnitus Journal

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Objective: With rising quality of speech perception in cochlear implant users, the indication widens. Nowadays, cochlear implantation is reasonable even in vestibular schwannoma patients. Speech perception with a cochlear implant is in these patients as promising as in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. However, the impact of cochlear implantation on vertigo and tinnitus after removal of vestibular schwannoma has not been investigated yet. Methods: In a retrospective study, we analysed 12 patients treated with a cochlear implant after removal of vestibular schwannoma. Results: In addition to a promising hearing perception -all patients reported improvement of vertigo. This improvement was also demonstrated by postural analysis. Improvement of tinnitus was achieved in 50% of the patients. Conclusion: Cochlear implantation seems a promising treatment for hearing loss, vertigo and even tinnitus in patients after removal of vestibular schwannoma. However, for successful cochlear implantation with adequate speech perception and improvement of vertigo and tinnitus, functional hearing nerve and intact inner ear anatomy is necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear implantation improves hearing and vertigo in patients after removal of vestibular schwannoma

Roemer¹,

Lenarz²,

Lesinski‐Schiedat³

2017

The International Tinnitus Journal

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“…This paper is mainly but not exclusively about steps 4 and 5; more information about the preceding steps is presented in the essays by Professor Graeme M. Clark and by Dr. Ingeborg J. Hochmair in the special issue of Nature Medicine (Clark, 2013;Hochmair, 2013), and in Wilson and Dorman (2008a), Zeng et al (2008), and Mudry and Mills (2013).…”

Section: Five Large Steps Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting a decent (but sparse) signal to the brain for users of cochlear implants

Wilson

2015

Hearing Research

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The challenge in getting a decent signal to the brain for users of cochlear implants (CIs) is described. A breakthrough occurred in 1989 that later enabled most users to understand conversational speech with their restored hearing alone. Subsequent developments included stimulation in addition to that provided with a unilateral CI, either with electrical stimulation on both sides or with acoustic stimulation in combination with a unilateral CI, the latter for persons with residual hearing at low frequencies in either or both ears. Both types of adjunctive stimulation produced further improvements in performance for substantial fractions of patients. Today, the CI and related hearing prostheses are the standard of care for profoundly deaf persons and ever-increasing indications are now allowing persons with less severe losses to benefit from these marvelous technologies. The steps in achieving the present levels of performance are traced, and some possibilities for further improvements are mentioned. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled .

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“…For example, brains can learn to interact with robotic and virtual arms via implanted electrode arrays (O'Doherty et al, 2011;Ifft, Shokur, Li, Lebedev, & Nicolelis, 2013) and to see after surgical rewiring of visual stimuli from the primary visual cortex to auditory cortex (von Melchner, Pallas, & Sur, 2000); Cochlear implants enable deaf and severely hearing-impaired persons to hear and have conversations (Wilson et al, 1991;Wilson, 2013;Mudry & Mills, 2013); Electrotactile and vibrotactile image projection enable blind and severely vision-impaired persons to see (Bach-y-Rita, Collins, Saunders, White, & Scadden, 1969;Kaczmarek, Webster, Bach-y-Rita, & Tompkins, 1991;Bach-y-Rita, Tyler, & Kaczmarek, 2003) and a vibrotactile magnetic compass can create a sense of direction (Tsukada & Yasumura, 2004). While it would be an interesting initiative to explore how first principles of neural circuits can drive self-organization and interoperability of systems, that approach is ambitious and beyond the scope of this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector space architecture for emergent interoperability of systems by learning from demonstration

Emruli

Sandin

Delsing

2015

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures

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The rapid integration of physical systems with cyberspace infrastructure, the so-called Internet of Things, is likely to have a significant effect on how people interact with the physical environment and design information and communication systems. Internet-connected systems are expected to vastly outnumber people on the planet in the near future, leading to grand challenges in software engineering and automation in application domains involving complex and evolving systems. Several decades of artificial intelligence research suggests that conventional approaches to making such systems automatically interoperable using handcrafted ''semantic'' descriptions of services and information are difficult to apply. In this paper we outline a bioinspired learning approach to creating interoperable systems, which does not require handcrafted semantic descriptions and rules. Instead, the idea is that a functioning system (of systems) can emerge from an initial pseudorandom state through learning from examples, provided that each component conforms to a set of information coding rules. We combine a binary vector symbolic architecture (VSA) with an associative memory known as sparse distributed memory (SDM) to model context-dependent prediction by learning from examples. We present simulation results demonstrating that the proposed architecture can enable system interoperability by learning, for example by human demonstration. ª 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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The Early History of the Cochlear Implant

Cited by 209 publications

References 37 publications

Cochlear implantation improves hearing and vertigo in patients after removal of vestibular schwannoma

Cochlear implantation improves hearing and vertigo in patients after removal of vestibular schwannoma

Getting a decent (but sparse) signal to the brain for users of cochlear implants

Vector space architecture for emergent interoperability of systems by learning from demonstration

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