The Early Solar System

Busso, M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-12698-7_6

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Recent discussions of the present-day ideas on the early concentrations of those nuclei were presented by [36] and by [37]. The emerging situation is summarized in Table 1 (see the quoted papers for the original experimental works on which the Table is based).…”

Section: An Attempt To Explain Ess Radioactivites With An Ims Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example of such finding is shown in Table 2, where we applied, to the envelope composition at the end of the evolution of our model star, the procedure described in [36,37,39] to infer the concentrations of some radioctive nuclei in a forming star close in time and space to the mass losing 5 M AGB star we modelled. As the Table shows, if we try to fit Al and Ca all the other nuclei are not explained.…”

Section: An Attempt To Explain Ess Radioactivites With An Ims Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Busso¹,

Vescovi²,

Trippella³

et al. 2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract. Noticeable improvements were recently introduced in the modelling of ncapture nucleosynthesis in the advanced evolutionary stages of giant stars (Asymptotic Giant Branch, or AGB, stars). Two such improvements are closely linked together and concern the introduction of non-parameterized, physical models for extended mixing processes and the adoption of accurate reaction rates for H-and He-burning reactions, including the one for the main neutron source 13 C(α,n) 16 O. These improvements profited of a longstanding collaboration between stellar physicists and C. Spitaleri's team and of his seminal work both as a leader in the Nuclear Astrophysics scenario and as a talentscout in the recruitment of young researchers in the field. We present an example of the innovative results that can be obtained thanks to the novelties introduced, by estimating the contributions from a nearby AGB star to the synthesis of short-lived (t 1/2 ≤ 10 Myr) radioactive nuclei which were alive in early Solar System condensates. We find that the scenario indicating an AGB star as the source of such radioactivities, discussed for many years by researchers in this field, appears now to be no longer viable, when the mentioned improvements of AGB models and nuclear parameters are considered.

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Section: An Attempt To Explain Ess Radioactivites With An Ims Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Attempt To Explain Ess Radioactivites With An Ims Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Busso¹,

Vescovi²,

Trippella³

et al. 2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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“…Along the past 60 years, starting with the identification in pristine meteorites of an excess in 129 Xe from the in situ decay of 129 I [1], we have known that the average Early Solar System (ESS) composition was contaminated through the addition of various materials coming from other stars and not previously homogenized in the Interstellar Medium (ISM) [2]. Discovery of anomalous abundances in certain isotopes that are daughters of radioactive nuclei involved several elements in the last decades of the 20th century [3,4]. Among other amazing findings, they led to the realization that the n-deficient isotope of Al, 26 Al, had been present in the ESS in a huge and uniform concentration ( 26 Al/ 27 Al 5 • 10 −5 ), sufficient to affect significantly, or even control, the heating of ancient materials, which induced the early differentiation of planetary embryos [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars and presolar grains

Busso¹,

Palmerini²,

Vescovi

2020

EPJ Web Conf.

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Starting from the recognition that radioactive isotopes were present alive in the Early Solar System, inducing composition anomalies from their decay, and through the discovery that other important anomalies affected also stable species, we shall discuss how the carriers of these abundance peculiarities were identified in very refractory pre-solar dust grains, formed in circumstellar environments. We shall outline how groups of such grains and subsequently in-dividual single crystals of C-rich or O-rich materials (like, e.g., SiC and Al2O3) could be analyzed, providing a new tool to verify the composition of stellar winds. This is so especially for AGB stars, which are the primary factories of dust in the Galaxy. For this reason, pristine meteorites open a crucial window on the details of nucleosynthesis processes occurring in such evolved red giants, for both intermediate-mass elements and rare heavy nuclei affected by slow neutron captures (the s-process).

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“…Long-lived isotopes with half-lives exceeding 100 × 10 6 y (100 My) can be still found in e.g. meteoritic material, and exhibit the main part of the radioactivity present on the Earth (for a review see [1] and references therein). In contrast, short-lived isotopes with half-lives of less than 100 My are recognizable as enhancements of their decay products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have condensed in stellar winds or explosion ejecta of stars, and were trapped in meteorites in the early stages of the solar system prior to the decay of these isotopes (see e.g. [3][4][5][6]; for a review see [1] and references therein). Some of these radionuclides (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

⁴⁴Ti,²⁶Al and⁵³Mn samples for nuclear astrophysics: the needs, the possibilities and the sources

Dressler

Ayranov

Bemmerer

et al. 2012

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Exploration of the physics involved in the production of cosmogenic radionuclides requires experiments using the same rare, radioactive nuclei in sufficient quantities. For this work, such exotic radionuclides have been extracted from previously proton-irradiated stainless steel samples using wet chemistry separation techniques. The irradiated construction material has arisen from an extended material research programme at the Paul Scherrer Institute, called STIP (SINQ Target Irradiation Program), where several thousand samples of different materials were irradiated with protons and neutrons of energies up to 570 MeV. In total, 8 × 10 17 atoms of 44 Ti, ∼ 10 16 atoms of 26 Al and ∼ 10 19 atoms of 53 Mn are available from selected samples. These materials may now be used to produce targets or radioactive beams for nuclear reaction studies with protons, neutrons and α-particles. The work is part of the ERAWAST initiative (Exotic Radionuclides from Accelerator Waste for Science and Technology), aimed at facilitating new collaborations between the isotope producers and users from different scientific fields including nuclear astrophysics.

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The Early Solar System

Cited by 3 publications

References 130 publications

Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars and presolar grains

⁴⁴Ti,²⁶Al and⁵³Mn samples for nuclear astrophysics: the needs, the possibilities and the sources

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The Early Solar System

Cited by 3 publications

References 130 publications

Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Neutron-captures in Low Mass Stars and the Early Solar System Record of Short-lived Radioactivities

Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars and presolar grains

44Ti,26Al and53Mn samples for nuclear astrophysics: the needs, the possibilities and the sources

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Product

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⁴⁴Ti,²⁶Al and⁵³Mn samples for nuclear astrophysics: the needs, the possibilities and the sources