The ecological importance of hybridization

Porretta, Daniele; Canestrelli, Daniele

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2023.07.003

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The speciation time for sympatric speciation (i.e., the indica group) was relatively recent, leading to weak reproductive barriers with frequent introgressions. These frequent hybridizations and introgressions widened the ecological potential of Scutellaria species to adapt to the highly heterogeneous habitats of Taiwan Island by increasing genomic complexity, consistent with the hybrid model, which showed that hybrid genome instability enhances adaptation to wild environments (Porretta & Canestrelli, 2023;Stelkens & Bendixsen, 2022). In this study, we used the Scutellaria species limited to Taiwan Island as a model system to explore the relationships of frequent hybridization with origin and adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The Role of In Situ Diversification in Island Endemism: Adaptive Introgression in Scutellaria in Taiwan

Sun,

Chang,

Luo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Island habitats are natural laboratories that offer unique opportunities to study speciation mechanisms. Recent work indicates that both anagenetic and cladogenetic speciation processes, driven by allopatric and sympatric modes, contribute to island species diversity. However, clear evidence of local adaptation of endemic plant species on islands requires in-depth studies, which are scarce. This study underscores the importance of local adaptation in maintaining species entity by examining how adaptive introgression, hybridization, and local adaptation contribute to genetic variation in island species. Specifically, multilocus genome scanning of 51 nuclear genes was used to investigate the evolutionary relationships of the Scutellaria species complex on Taiwan Island and assess the role of in situ diversification in generating high endemism and genetic diversity. Recurrent interspecies introgressions were detected by phylogenetic networks and ABBA-BABA-based analysis, suggesting ongoing or recent speciation processes. Approximate Bayesian computation identified hybrid speciation in S. taiwanensis and S. hsiehii, with evidence of hybridization between more than two parental species. Genotype-environment association studies revealed that the influence of climate, particularly precipitation- and temperature-related factors, contributed to adaptive genetic divergence between species. Additionally, adaptive introgressions related to environmental pressures that may have facilitated the colonization of new island habitats were identified. This research illustrates how hybridization, introgression, and adaptation shaped the evolutionary histories and divergence of this island-endemic plant species complex and sheds light on the multifaceted mechanisms of speciation on semi-isolated islands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The Role of In Situ Diversification in Island Endemism: Adaptive Introgression in Scutellaria in Taiwan

Sun,

Chang,

Luo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Genetic footprints could nowadays shed more light on the role that hybridization plays in shaping nature’s diversity ( Moran et al., 2021 ; Porretta and Canestrelli, 2023 ). The evolutionary consequences of gene flow could be particularly pronounced in regions that experienced profound paleoecological changes and are now important biodiversity hotspots ( Flantua et al., 2019 ; Schley et al., 2022 ; Wu et al., 2022a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrids as mirrors of the past: genomic footprints reveal spatio-temporal dynamics and extinction risk of alpine extremophytes in the mountains of Central Asia

Wróbel,

Klichowska,

Nobis

2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Hybridization is one of the key processes shaping lineage diversification, particularly in regions that experienced strong climate oscillations. The alpine biome with its rich history of glacial-interglacial cycles and complex patterns of species distribution shifts offers an excellent system to investigate the impact of gene flow on population dynamics and speciation, important issues for evolutionary biology and biodiversity conservation. In this study, we combined genomic data (DArTseq), chloroplast markers, and morphology to examine phylogenetic relationships and the permeability of species boundaries and their evolutionary outcomes among the alpine extremophilic species of Puccinellia (Poaceae) in the Pamir Mountains, a part of the Mountains of Central Asia biodiversity hotspot. We determined the occurrence of interspecific hybrids between P. himalaica and P. pamirica, which demonstrated almost symmetric ancestry from their parental species and did not show signals of introgression. According to our integrative revision, the natural hybrids between P. himalaica and P. pamirica should be classified as Puccinellia ×vachanica (pro species). Using approximate Bayesian computation for population history inference, we uncovered that P. himalaica hybridized with P. pamirica independently in multiple localities over the Holocene. Hybrids inherited the fine-scale genetic structure from their parental species, which developed these patterns earlier, during the Late Pleistocene. Hybridization had different consequences for the involved parental lineages, likely playing an important role in a continuing decline of P. himalaica in the Pamir Mountains over the Holocene. Our results show that P. himalaica should be considered a critically endangered species in the Pamir Mountains and could also be retreating across its entire range of distribution in High Mountain Asia. Using a comparative phylogeographic framework, we revealed the risk of extinction of a cold-adapted alpine species in a global biodiversity hotspot. This study highlights that genomics could unravel diversity trends under climate change and provides valuable evidence for conservation management.

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“…To have detectable effects on the evolutionary history of lineages, hybridization does not necessarily need to be stable and recurring over time. One admixture event is sufficient to introduce new variations into the genomes of other species or even kickstart new evolutionary lineages (Anderson, 1948;Porretta and Canestrelli, 2023). Ongoing hybrid zones are a great resource for studying introgressive hybridization, adaptation, and morphological changes in the present (Harrison and Larson, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization as drivers of tree discordance in Petunia and related genera (Petunieae, Solanaceae)

Pezzi,

Wheeler,

Freitas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Despite the overarching history of species divergence, phylogenetic studies often reveal distinct topologies across regions of the genome. The sources of these gene tree discordances are variable, but incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and hybridization are among those with the most significant biological importance. Petunia serves as a classic system for studying hybridization in the wild. While field studies suggest that hybridization is frequent, the extent of reticulation within Petunia and its closely related genera has never been examined from a phylogenetic perspective. In this study, we used transcriptomic data from 11 Petunia, 16 Calibrachoa, and 10 Fabiana species to illuminate the relationships between these species and investigate whether hybridization played a significant role in the diversification of the clade. We identified that tree discordance within genera can be explained by high levels of ILS due to their rapid diversification and hybridization events. Moreover, network analyses indicated hybridization between Petunia and Calibrachoa, genera that have different chromosome numbers. Although these genera cannot hybridize at the present time, ancestral hybridization could have played a role in their parallel radiations, as they share the same habitat and life history.

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The ecological importance of hybridization

Cited by 13 publications

References 104 publications

The Role of In Situ Diversification in Island Endemism: Adaptive Introgression in Scutellaria in Taiwan

The Role of In Situ Diversification in Island Endemism: Adaptive Introgression in Scutellaria in Taiwan

Hybrids as mirrors of the past: genomic footprints reveal spatio-temporal dynamics and extinction risk of alpine extremophytes in the mountains of Central Asia

Incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization as drivers of tree discordance in Petunia and related genera (Petunieae, Solanaceae)

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