The Ecology of Microbial Corrosion

Ford, Tim; Mitchell, Ralph

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7612-5_6

Cited by 113 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…These photosynthetic microalgal species along with other aquatic microbes are the primary colonizers that form biofilm and serve as cue for other larger organisms to colonize on the surface. Colonization of larger microorganisms is called fouling, which affects the strength and performance of submerged objects [21]. The Scanning electron microscopic images of the microalgae revealed profuse cracks on polythene on the adherence of algal species [14].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopic (Sem) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Green Photosynthetic Microalgae

Kumar¹,

Gopal²,

Elumalai³

2017

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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Keywords: Polyethylene; Biodegradation; Microalgae; SEM IntroductionPlastics (Polyethylene) are the synthetic organic polymers which are commonly produced from high density polyethylene, one of the petroleum derived product. The plastic carrier bags are routinely used for carrying groceries, clothing and other merchandises [1]. It was from late 1970s that the plastic carrier bags have become a common element in our day to day life in this globalized world. The increasing use of plastics, particularly packaging has become a significant source for environmental pollution and creating problems in solid waste management as well as lethal to wild life and human being due to its non-degradability in nature.It is estimated that around 500 billion plastic bags are being used every year worldwide. This widespread utilization is attributed to their cheapness and convenience to use. The vast majority of these bags are discarded as wastes usually after a single use. It has been revealed that after their entry into environment, plastic bags can persist up to 1000 years without being decomposed. Accumulation of plastic bag wastes causes environmental pollution that can be manifested in number of ways. Biological degradation is an attractive, recent and alternative approach to plastic waste management, which is generally a cheaper process, potentially much more efficient and does not produce any hazardous compounds, as in the case of conventional degradation [2]. Additionally, the microbial degradation of polyethylene sheets may yield commercial end products from their biomass [3].There are only three degradative methods including landfill, incineration and recycling are being followed on large scale basis. In the case of direct incineration, the plastics emit poisonous gases such as dioxins, carbon mono-oxide, NO x , SO x and heavy metals [4] in to the atmospheric air. However, as a result the remnants after these treatments causing severe damages to the environment. Landfill AbstractConventional methods of polyethylene degradation including incineration, landfill and chemical treatment are lethal to the neighboring environment by causing hazardous effects on living organisms. A better solution for the complete degradation of polyethylene has not yet been formulated. However, to solve this global issue biological mode of polyethylene degradation may be evaluated and developed in the upcoming future. In this research investigation, microalgae like green algae, blue-green algae and diatoms were isolated from the domestic polyethylene bags dumped in the suburban water bodies and studied for its potency on deterioration of polyethylene. The dumped waste polyethylene bags were collected from three different sites of (Maduravoyal, Vanagaram and Poonamallee) Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Colonized mat of microalgae were isolated from the polyethylene sheets and the most dominant three different groups of microalgae were selected for the biological treatment of LD (low density) and HD (high density) polyethylene sheets. The most dom...

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Section: Scanning Electron Microscopic (Sem) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Green Photosynthetic Microalgae

Kumar¹,

Gopal²,

Elumalai³

2017

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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“…On a surface such as metal, biofilms allow for a variety of microorganisms with differing redox potential requirements to reside in close proximity. Microorganisms that carry out microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) can occur in and are facilitated by biofilms (7,8,9). MIC also includes production of microbial metabolites at one location which diffuse to a corrosion site, possibly at another location (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundaries for Biofilm Formation: Humidity and Temperature

Else

Pantle

Amy

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Environmental conditions which define boundaries for biofilm production could provide useful ecological information for biofilm models. A practical use of defined conditions could be applied to the high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Data for temperature and humidity conditions indicate that decreases in relative humidity or increased temperature severely affect biofilm formation on three candidate canister metals.Biofilms create microenvironments for a consortium of bacteria residing on a substrate. These microenvironments include variations in pH, nutrient concentrations, and oxygen levels (17, 24). On a surface such as metal, biofilms allow for a variety of microorganisms with differing redox potential requirements to reside in close proximity. Microorganisms that carry out microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) can occur in and are facilitated by biofilms (7,8,9). MIC also includes production of microbial metabolites at one location which diffuse to a corrosion site, possibly at another location (15). MIC of metal surfaces results in pitting, crevice corrosion, under-deposit corrosion, and selective leaching. The ability of endolithic and contaminating microbes to form biofilms can ultimately affect performance of structures such as those in the Yucca Mountain repository.Metal biocorrosion occurs in the presence of biofilms; therefore, this study was designed to determine boundary conditions for biofilm formation. Our study had two objectives that address the potential for biofilm production: (i) to determine relative humidity (RH) limits for biofilm formation, and (ii) to determine the boundary limits of biofilm formation on the basis of temperature.Yucca Mountain is located at the Nevada Test Site, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. Mined Yucca Mountain tuff was collected near the north portal entrance. The surface layer of the tunnel wall was removed by using flamesterilized tools, and the newly exposed rock was collected into sterile, plastic bags and was placed on ice. The rock was transported to the laboratory within 6 h and was stored at Ϫ20°C (14). It was later aseptically crushed into fine grains by using flame-sterilized mortars and pestles.One-centimeter-square coupons were constructed from the following metals: C22 nickel alloy, N-316 stainless steel, and titanium (Metal Samples, Mumford, Ala.). Aseptically crushed rock was transferred to sterile glass petri plates, metal coupons were placed within the crushed rock, and microcosms were placed in chambers held to specific RH and temperature values.To achieve different RH levels, specific saturated salt solutions were placed in the bottom reservoirs of the microcosm chambers (Nalgene Autoclavable Desiccators, Rochester, N.Y.). The salt solutions included KCl (83.6% RH), KI (67.9% RH), and MgCl 2 (32.4% RH). Distilled water was used to create 100% RH. Petri plate microcosms were placed above the salt solution reservoir. Chambers were sealed with highvacuum grease (Dow Corning, Midland, Mich.), and RH levels were checked by ...

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“…Many authors believe, that accelerated corrosion of steel and cast iron pipes is a result of bacteria and their metabolic products in the form of acids, gaseous products and complex compounds present in water [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiological activity of microorganisms can cause or accelerate corrosion reaction [21,22]. The research [23] contains idea that development of microbiological corrosion is a result of transportation of different substances from the fluid to the metal surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of galvanized pipes in the hot water supply system

Andrianov

Spitsov

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. The paper describes the problem of steel pipes corrosion in domestic hot water supply systems. A case study of abnormally high rate of corrosion of galvanized steel pipes in a hot water supply system, installed in a complex of residential and public buildings, was considered. The rapid corrosion led to premature failure of these pipelines. Onsite visual inspection, chemical analysis of the tap water with LSI/RSI calculation and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis were used during this study. The basic factors that lead to pitting corrosion were established: quality of source water (its high corrosion activity), high temperature and local increase in oxygen content near the pipe surface. A possibility of microbial corrosion was also assumed.

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The Ecology of Microbial Corrosion

Cited by 113 publications

References 124 publications

Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Green Photosynthetic Microalgae

Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Green Photosynthetic Microalgae

Boundaries for Biofilm Formation: Humidity and Temperature

Corrosion of galvanized pipes in the hot water supply system

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