The Ecology of Secondary Succession

Horn, Henry S.

doi:10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.000325

Cited by 450 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We chose SRT as the most appropriate parameter to address this question because of its capacity to select for organisms over a range of life-history strategies. The manipulation of SRT is also analogous to macro-scale ecological processes where diversity in a climax community is reduced by disturbance followed by an interspecific competition and secondary succession of early colonizers (Horn, 1974). Indeed, over 55% reduction in diversity was observed during the MDS and early colonizers that were phylogenetically affiliated with bacterial orders; Comamonadaceae and Sphingobacteriales outcompeted late colonizers, such as ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi and populations of Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disturbance and temporal partitioning of the activated sludge metacommunity

et al. 2014

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The resilience of microbial communities to press disturbances and whether ecosystem function is governed by microbial composition or by the environment have not been empirically tested. To address these issues, a whole-ecosystem manipulation was performed in a full-scale activated sludge wastewater treatment plant. The parameter solids retention time (SRT) was used to manipulate microbial composition, which started at 30 days, then decreased to 12 and 3 days, before operation was restored to starting conditions (30-day SRT). Activated sludge samples were collected throughout the 313-day time series in parallel with bioreactor performance ('ecosystem function'). Bacterial small subunit (SSU) rRNA genes were surveyed from sludge samples resulting in a sequence library of 4417 000 SSU rRNA genes. A shift in community composition was observed for 12-and 3-day SRTs. The composition was altered such that r-strategists were enriched in the system during the 3-day SRT, whereas K-strategists were only present at SRTsX12 days. This shift corresponded to loss of ecosystem functions (nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal) for SRTsp12 days. Upon return to a 30-day SRT, complete recovery of the bioreactor performance was observed after 54 days despite an incomplete recovery of bacterial diversity. In addition, a different, yet phylogenetically related, community with fewer of its original rare members displaced the pre-disturbance community. Our results support the hypothesis that microbial ecosystems harbor functionally redundant phylotypes with regard to general ecosystem functions (carbon oxidation, nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus accumulation). However, the impacts of decreased rare phylotype membership on ecosystem stability and micropollutant removal remain unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disturbance and temporal partitioning of the activated sludge metacommunity

et al. 2014

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“…Com isso, apesar da presença dos grupos dependentes dos ambientes florestais o elevado número de espécies registradas neste remanescente deve ser ponderado, pois pequenas áreas, por sofrerem maiores influências do efeito de borda (Candido Jr. 1993, Gimenes & Anjos 2000, podem apresentar uma complexa mistura de tipos vegetacionais (Rappole & Morton 1985). Esta heterogeneidade por sua vez pode atrair diversas espécies generalistas e colonizadoras de ambientes perturbados, tais como, clareiras e bordas florestais, o que aumenta a diversidade local (Horn 1974, Rappole & Morton 1985, Anjos 1990, Machado & Lamas 1996, Candido Jr. 2000, Aleixo 2001. As espécies registradas, P. cabanisi, S. flaveola, Z. capensis e S. caerulescens, são espécies onívoras e com pouca restrição ambiental, o que as tornam favorecidas pela presença da borda florestal (Anjos 1990).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Taxocenose de aves em um remanescente da Floresta com Araucária no Sudeste do Paraná, Brasil

Bispo

Scherer-Neto

2010

Biota Neotrop.

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Abstract:In this study the community of birds in a small size remnant (10 ha) of Araucária forest, located in the city of Tijucas do Sul, Paraná was evaluated. During the period of November, 1999 to April 2001, 15 surveys had been carried, in which capture with mist nets and visual and aural contacts were used to estimate avian abundance and richness. We recorded 118 species of 35 families. According to the frequency of occurrence around 44% of species were considered with low frequency. When analyzed the trophics guilds, omnivorous and insectivorous of foliage were the most representative. By the capture method had been gotten 501 captures of 47 species. The capture species had relative abundances varying from 0.31 to 13.16% and the uniformity index was 0.83, demonstrating that the avian assemblage had a low dominance of some species. The structure of avian assemblage registered is expected for a small size remnant, with high relative abundance of generalists species and guilds, and the presence of a high number of species with low frequency of occurrence. Despite of, the specific composition presents a great number of species forest dependents showing that this forest remnant has a important role in the maintenance of species regionally.

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“…116) appear to be maintained in this way. Broom has photosynthetic tissue dispersed throughout the crown in long twigs and small lancetshaped leaves making it well adapted to the open environments of early succession (Horn 1974 photosynthetic tissue concentrated in dense layers on the outer crown readily shade the dispersed photosynthetic tissue of broom . Broom also competes with the scrambling pohue which not only restricts light but adds considerable weight to the broom crowns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary vegetation succession on the Port Hills Banks Peninsula, Canterbury, New Zealand

Williams¹

1983

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The structure and canopy composition of successional scrub dominated by broom (Cytisus scoparius), elder (Sambucus nigra), gorse (Ulex europaeus) , and mahoe (Melicytus ramiflorus) was measured using a variation of the point-heightintercept method. Stem diameters and age classes of broom and elder populations were recorded. Eight stands in Hoon Hay valley were arranged in order of increasing age which corresponded to a toposequence from dry sites on upper north facing slopes to moist sites on lower south facing slopes. The latest expansion of elder began about 12 years ago when it colonised young broom stands. Broom dies by about 15 years leaving elder, which in tum is invaded by mahoe. Broom and elder are considered desirable species where the aim of vegetation management is to re-establish native forest in this region.

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The Ecology of Secondary Succession

Cited by 450 publications

References 26 publications

Disturbance and temporal partitioning of the activated sludge metacommunity

Disturbance and temporal partitioning of the activated sludge metacommunity

Taxocenose de aves em um remanescente da Floresta com Araucária no Sudeste do Paraná, Brasil

Secondary vegetation succession on the Port Hills Banks Peninsula, Canterbury, New Zealand

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