The economic benefits of forage improvement in the United States

Bouton, J. H.

doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9220-6

Cited by 84 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Diversity of species also makes pastoral agriculture unique. The American Seed Trade estimated in 2005 that seed of 5500 varieties representing 1500 grass and 4000 legume species were produced for sale annually in the USA under their 'forage seeds' category and over 300 varieties included in their 'alfalfa' estimates (Bouton 2007). Relative numbers can be extrapolated for Australasia.…”

Section: Persistence In Pastoral Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This high cost, especially the development and personnel costs, has been made somewhat bearable due to government investment, but for most private forage breeding companies, it is a non-starter from a financial standpoint. Costs are also responsible for the confinement, at least at this writing, of these technologies to a limited number of forage legume species that have the most profit potential with lucerne being among them (Bouton 2007).…”

Section: Complex Traits and The Use Of Biotechnologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These same driving forces make up the basic approaches used by most plant breeders in the modern era with selection for natural mutations being the most used, but inter-specific hybridisation, especially for clonally propagated hybrids, also achieving some success in forage breeding (Bouton 2007).…”

Section: Using Inter-specific Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Final breeding products are generally consumed by livestock, so their economic value to man, although high, is mainly indirect (Bouton 2007). Direct value is accomplished when governed by per unit value of the harvested product (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding lucerne for persistence

Bouton¹

2012

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Cultivated lucerne is the most widely grown forage legume in pastoral agriculture. Persistence is critical for most pastoral production systems and its definition includes concepts of productivity, but maintenance of adequate plant numbers is essential. There were three important eras in lucerne persistence breeding: species introduction leading to local varieties and land races (adaptation), development of multiple pest-resistant, autumn dormancy-specific cultivars, and introducing complex traits and the use of biotechnologies. Today’s persistent cultivar needs, at a minimum, adaptation, proper autumn dormancy, and targeted pest resistances. Adding complex, ‘persistence-limiting’ traits to these minimum base traits, such as tolerance to grazing, acid, aluminum-toxic soils, and drought, is successfully being achieved via traditional selection, but biotechnologies and inter-specific hybridisations are also being employed in some cases. The main issues around biotechnologies are public perception and regulatory issues which continue to hamper transgene deployment while genetic marker programs need to lower costs and concentrate on successful application. There is not one persistent ‘ideotype’ that will fill all situations, but specific ones need to be developed and targeted for geographies such as the subtropics. Finally, breeders need to understand what persistence traits lucerne producers are willing to pay a premium to obtain.

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Section: Persistence In Pastoral Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complex Traits and The Use Of Biotechnologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Using Inter-specific Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding lucerne for persistence

Bouton¹

2012

Crop Pasture Sci.

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“…Most of the materials are further enriched with essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and possibly antibiotics in order to enhance animal growth (Wenk 2000, Florea & Nightingale 2004, Bouton 2007, Brufau et al 2006, Gra-ham et al 2007). These additives are mainly responsible for the high costs of commercial fodder.…”

Section: Upgrading Of Lignocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%