The economic challenges of new drug development

Roope, Laurence

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.023

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This magnification of cost deepens the challenge of developing drugs against endemic infections affecting millions of people in poor or developing countries. Even relatively high anticipated sales volumes may provide insufficient incentives if the expected pricing is low [ 145 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

Morilla,

Ghosal,

Romero

2024

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Chagas disease (CD) is the most important endemic parasitosis in South America and represents a great socioeconomic burden for the chronically ill and their families. The only currently available treatment against CD is based on the oral administration of benznidazole, an agent, developed in 1971, of controversial effectiveness on chronically ill patients and toxic to adults. So far, conventional pharmacological approaches have failed to offer more effective and less toxic alternatives to benznidazole. Nanomedicines reduce toxicity and increase the effectiveness of current oncological therapies. Could nanomedicines improve the treatment of the neglected CD? This question will be addressed in this review, first by critically discussing selected reports on the performance of benznidazole and other molecules formulated as nanomedicines in in vitro and in vivo CD models. Taking into consideration the developmental barriers for nanomedicines and the degree of current technical preclinical efforts, a prospect of developing nanomedicines against CD will be provided. Not surprisingly, we conclude that structurally simpler formulations with minimal production cost, such as oral nanocrystals and/or parenteral nano-immunostimulants, have the highest chances of making it to the market to treat CD. Nonetheless, substantive political and economic decisions, key to facing technological challenges, are still required regarding a realistic use of nanomedicines effective against CD.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

Morilla,

Ghosal,

Romero

2024

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…Different formulations were prepared and evaluated by using encapsulation efficiency and drug loading as shown in Table 2. The drug loading was calculated according to Eqn (2). Like single electrostatic spray, a voltage of 18 kV and a receiving distance of 15 cm were applied.…”

Section: Coaxial Electrospray Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most new drugs that can be used for disease management and treatment are composed of poorly soluble active molecules 1 . They sometimes encounter problems such as poor water solubility, low permeability, poor safety, and obvious side effects 2 . This is one reason why new drugs do not always achieve excellent therapeutic effects, so it is particularly important to improve the formulation of drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of astaxanthin‐loaded composite micelles with coaxial electrospray technology for enhanced oral bioavailability and improved antioxidation capability

Liao,

Wang,

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BackgroundAstaxanthin is approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a safe dietary supplement for humans. Astaxanthin, as a potent lipid‐soluble keto‐carotenoid, is widely used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical fields. However, the low solubility of astaxanthin limits its powerful biological activity and application in the aforementioned fields. This study aims to develop a delivery system to address the low solubility and bioavailability of astaxanthin and to enhance its antioxidant capacity.ResultsAstaxanthin‐loaded Composite Micelles were successfully prepared via Coaxial Electrospray Technology. Astaxanthin was existed in the amorphous state in the electro‐sprayed formulation with an approximate particle size of 186.28 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.243. In this delivery system, Soluplus and copovidone (PVPVA 64) were the main polymeric matrix for astaxanthin, which then released the drug upon contact with aqueous media, and results in an overall increase of drug solubility and a release rate of 94.08 %. Meanwhile, lecithin and PEG‐g‐CS could support the absorption of astaxanthin in the gastrointestinal tract and help the transmembrane transport. Consequently, the relative bioavailability reached about 308.33% and the ROS scavenging efficiency of formulation was 44.10 %, which was 1.57 times higher than that of free astaxanthin (28.10 %) when both were at the same concentration level based on astaxanthin.ConclusionIt could be deduced that coaxial electrospray could be applied to prepare a composite micelles system for the delivery of poorly water‐soluble active ingredients found in the fields of functional food, cosmetics and medicine.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Malignant tumors, for example the common and poor prognostic osteosarcoma, remain one of the most lethal diseases threatening human life and health. , Chemotherapy, which uses cytotoxic drugs to eliminate tumor cells, is one of the most effective methods for treating malignant tumors . However, most conventional chemotherapies have drawbacks, such as systemic toxicity, poor solubility, low biological activity, multidrug resistance, and poor tumor targeting, greatly limiting the overall therapeutic effect and causing adverse effects on healthy tissues. − Due to the long development time, high cost, low success rate of new drug development, and the need for chemotherapy drugs to meet market demand, some old drugs approved by the FDA are being reused and have received widespread attention. , Drug repositioning strategies can greatly reduce the risk of drug development failure and save the research and development costs. , Therefore, there is an urgent need to find FDA-approved antidrugs that can both reduce adverse reactions and avoid multidrug resistance to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4−6 Due to the long development time, high cost, low success rate of new drug development, and the need for chemotherapy drugs to meet market demand, some old drugs approved by the FDA are being reused and have received widespread attention. 7,8 Drug repositioning strategies can greatly reduce the risk of drug development failure and save the research and development costs. 9,10 Therefore, there is an urgent need to find FDA-approved antidrugs that can both reduce adverse reactions and avoid multidrug resistance to enhance the therapeutic efficacy.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchestrating Precision within the Tumor Microenvironment by Biomimetic Nanoprodrugs for Effective Tumor Therapy

Wang,

Xu,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Malignant tumors are still one of the most deadly diseases that threaten human life and health. However, developing new drugs is challenging due to lengthy trials, funding constraints, and regulatory approval procedures. Consequently, researchers have devoted themselves to transforming some clinically approved old drugs into antitumor drugs with certain active ingredients, which have become an attractive alternative. Disulfiram (DSF), an antialcohol medication, can rapidly metabolize in the physiological environment into diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC) which can readily react with Cu2+ ions in situ to form the highly toxic bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate)–copper(II) (CuET) complex. In this study, DSF is loaded into mesoporous dopamine nanocarriers and surface-chelated with tannin and Cu2+ to construct M-MDTC nanoprodrugs under the camouflage of K7 tumor cell membranes. After intravenous injection, M-MDTC nanoprodrugs successfully reach the tumor sites with the help of mediated cell membranes. Under slightly acidic pH and photothermal stimulation conditions, DSF and Cu2+ are simultaneously released, forming a highly toxic CuET to kill tumor cells in situ. The generated CuET can also induce immunogenic cell death of tumor cells, increase the proportion of CD86+ CD80+ cells, and promote dendritic cell maturation. In vitro and in vivo studies of M-MDTC nanoprodrugs have shown excellent tumor-cell-killing ability and solid tumor suppression. This approach enables in situ amplification of chemotherapy in the tumor microenvironment, achieving an effective antitumor treatment.

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The economic challenges of new drug development

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

Preparation of astaxanthin‐loaded composite micelles with coaxial electrospray technology for enhanced oral bioavailability and improved antioxidation capability

Orchestrating Precision within the Tumor Microenvironment by Biomimetic Nanoprodrugs for Effective Tumor Therapy

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