Roughly 12 percent of humans are left-handed, with somewhat higher rates among males than females (Vuoksimaa, Koskenvuoa, Rosea, and Kaprio 2009). For much of history, left-handedness was viewed with deep suspicion. During the Middle Ages, left-handed writers were thought to be possessed by the Devil, generating the modern sense of the word sinister from sinistra, the Latin word for left. The English word left itself comes from the Old English lyft, meaning idle, weak, or useless. The French word for left, gauche, also means clumsy or awkward. Similarly negative connotations of the word left are found in numerous languages, including German, Italian, Russian, and Mandarin (Coren 1992).Superstitions about left-handedness take numerous forms (Perelle and Ehrman 2005). In many Middle Eastern countries, food and drink should be taken with the right hand and bodily functions performed with the left. Hindu tradition forbids the left hand from performing many of the central religious rituals. Left-handedness suggested to Eskimos that the individual was a sorcerer and to colonial Americans that the individual might be a witch. The Jewish scholar Maimonides listed left-handedness among the 100 blemishes that disqualified someone from being a Jewish priest.Left-handers have often been compelled by their parents and schools to use their right hand for writing and other tasks. Such practices are now more common in developing countries so that, for example, 11 percent of Turks and 16 percent of Nigerians report attempts to switch their handedness earlier in life (Medland,