The Economic Effects of Military Expenditure in Third World Countries

Fontanel, Jacques

doi:10.1177/0022343390027004009

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…L'analyse du lien dépenses militaires et performances économiques a fait l'objet de nombreuses études tant dans les pays à économies avancées (Alexander, 1990;Mylonidis, 2008;Dunne et Nikolaidou, 2012) que dans ceux à économies moins avancées (Benoit, 1973(Benoit, , 1978Biswas et Ram, 1986;Landau, 1994;Dunne et al, 2008) ou dans les deux groupes de pays à la fois (Chang et al, 2011;Alptekin et Levine, 2012;Dunne et Tian, 2015). De plus, plusieurs revues de littérature sur le lien dépenses militaires et performances économiques ont été rédigées durant ces vingt-cinq dernières années (Fontanel, 1990;Dunne, 1996;Heo et Kwang-Ha, 1998;Dunne et al, 2005;Dunne et Tian, 2013). En effet, les études portant sur la relation dépenses militaires et performances économiques peuvent être regroupées dans une nouvelle branche de la science économique, appelée : Économie de la défense.…”

Section: Revue De La Littératureunclassified

Guerres Civiles, Dépenses Militaires Et Performances Économiques

Tsasa

2020

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-Quel lien existe-t-il entre les performances économiques, les dépenses militaires et les guerres civiles dans un pays moins avancé ? Pour répondre à cette question, ce papier étalonne, puis estime une forme réduite du modèle d'équilibre général à la Romer-Taylor sur données de la République démocratique du Congo. Nous considérons la période 1988-2015 pour l'analyse. Les résultats d'estimations prédisent, d'une part, une relation positive et statistiquement significative entre les performances économiques et les dépenses militaires et, d'autre part, un impact négatif et statiquement significatif de la présence des guerres civiles sur les performances économiques. Par ailleurs, en période de guerres civiles, il est établi que les dépenses militaires sont contre-productives et exercent un effet statistiquement non significatif sur la production réelle. ABSTRACT-This paper addresses issues of the link between economic performance, military spending and civil wars in a least developed country. To this end, I calibrate and estimate a reduced form of the general equilibrium model à la Romer-Taylor on Congolese data for the period 1988-2015. Results show a positive effect of military expenditure on economic performance and a negative relationship between civil wars and economic performance. Moreover, during years of civil wars, results of estimates predict that the effect of military expenditure on real output is negative and not statistically significant. 1. Plus loin dans l'article (section 3), nous verrons que les dépenses militaires en RDC exhibent une allure quasi-identique à celle des dépenses militaires mondiales.

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Section: Revue De La Littératureunclassified

Guerres Civiles, Dépenses Militaires Et Performances Économiques

Tsasa

2020

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“…(See reviews by Ball, 1981;Chan, 1987Chan, , 1985Fontanel, 1990;Grobar and Porter, 1989;Lindgren, 1984a;Ram, 1993.) (See reviews by Ball, 1981;Chan, 1987Chan, , 1985Fontanel, 1990;Grobar and Porter, 1989;Lindgren, 1984a;Ram, 1993.)…”

Section: Tail Wagging the Dog?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grasping the Peace Dividend: Some Propositions on the Conversion of Swords into Plowshares

Chan¹

1995

Mershon International Studies Review

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Wiley and The International Studies Association are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Mershon International Studies Review. This review discusses the likely size, pace, and distribution of reductions in defense spending and the possible barriers to converting military resources to civilian purposes. It argues that the prospects for a peace dividend in the aftermath of the Cold War are clouded by political incentives and economic interests that may oppose or retard significant military retrenchment. Moreover, the resource savings from any military retrenchment may not necessarily be reallocated fully and efficiently to produce gains in civilian production and productivity. Any such gains are apt to take some time to materialize, whereas the political costs and socioeconomic disruption caused by lower military expenditures are likely to be felt more immediately. The impacts of a defense cutback, both positive and negative, will be uneven across industries, occupations, regions, and ethnic and income groups, so that some will bear more of the adjustment costs while others will reap more of the ensuing benefits. Indeed, given their different social institutions, political cultures, and economic structures, different countries are likely to pursue alternative policy offsets that accompany any defense cutback, thus resulting in an uneven distribution of the peace dividend globally.This essay attends to the ramifications of a possible military "build-down." Drawing on the pertinent literature, it seeks to address the following questions.1. What are the prospects for and likely size of the so-called peace dividend to be realized from a fall in military expenditures? 2. What are the likely domestic redistributive consequences of a defense cutback? 3. What are the likely economic consequences of unilateral or multilateral arms reduction for the United States and its traded sectors?Before proceeding, each of these questions requires some clarification. The first question refers to a process that has often been popularly described, but poorly *This essay is a significantly revised and expanded version of an earlier paper, coauthored with Henrik Sommer, that was presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Washington, D. C., March 29-April 1, 1994. I thank Robert B. Woyach for his detailed comments that were very helpful in producing this version. ? 1995 TheGrasping the Peace Dividend specified, as converting swords into plowshares. This process actually involves at least two steps: military expenditures are cut to generate nontrivial savings (a resource dividend), which are, in turn, applied to promote greater production efficien...

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“…al. (2004: 564 (Lindgren 1984, Cappelen et al 1985, Grobar και Porter 1989, Dunne 1990, Alexander 1990, Fontanel 1990. Με δεδοµένη την έλλειψη ενός ευρύτερα αποδεκτού θεωρητικού πλαισίου διερεύνησης του ζητήµατος οι γνώµες επί του θέµατος, αν και εν γένει συγκλίνουν στην άποψη ότι οι δαπάνες άµυνας έχουν δυσµενείς οικονοµικές επιπτώσεις, διαφοροποιούνται ως προς τον βαθµό, την έκταση καθώς επίσης και ως προς την οικουµενικότητα αυτών των επιπτώσεων (Chowdhury 1991, Kusi 1994.…”

Section: τεχνολογια οικονομια και εξοπλισμοιunclassified

“…Στα πλαίσια της προσέγγισης αυτής τονίζεται το υψηλό κόστος ευκαιρίας των στρατιωτικών δαπανών και διατυπώνεται η άποψη ότι οι δαπανούµενοι σε στρατιωτικές χρήσεις ανθρώπινοι και, υλικοί πόροι θα µπορούσαν να αξιοποιηθούν σε παραγωγικότερους ή κοινωνικά χρησιµότερους τοµείς. Ο Kennedy (1983) Lindgren 1984, Fontanel 1990, Dunne 1990). Σε γενικές γραµµές, το διερευνόµενο ερώτηµα είναι κατά πόσο οι δαπάνες αυτές είναι αποτέλεσµα της οικονοµικής µεγέθυνσης ή το αντίστροφο, κατά πόσο δηλαδή οι στρατιωτικές δαπάνες επενεργούν θετικά επί των ρυθµών οικονοµικής µεγέθυνσης (Joerding 1986, Chowdhury 1991, Kusi 1994 Οι πρωτοπόρες µελέτες του περιόδου 1951περιόδου -1988περιόδου (Macnair, et al, 1995…”

Section: τεχνολογια οικονομια και εξοπλισμοιunclassified

Αμυντικές Δαπάνες Και Οικονομική Ανάπτυξη

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The Economic Effects of Military Expenditure in Third World Countries

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Guerres Civiles, Dépenses Militaires Et Performances Économiques

Guerres Civiles, Dépenses Militaires Et Performances Économiques

Grasping the Peace Dividend: Some Propositions on the Conversion of Swords into Plowshares

Αμυντικές Δαπάνες Και Οικονομική Ανάπτυξη

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