The economic impact of Project MARS (Motivating Adolescents to Reduce Sexual Risk).

Dealy, Bern Caudill; Horn, Brady P.; Callahan, Tiffany J.; Bryan, Angela D.

doi:10.1037/a0033607

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The four papers in the field of health that empirically valued interventions increasing health safety, all used a form of stated preference methodology. These papers aimed to estimate the value of reducing mortality risks [6], preventing child maltreatment deaths [7], reducing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases [8] and vaccinations in pandemic outbreaks [9]. The first three papers used willingness to pay (WTP) contingent valuation method, while the last paper used a discrete choice experiment to elicit valuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases

et al. 2020

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Early warning systems for infectious diseases and foodborne outbreaks are designed with the aim of increasing the health safety of citizens. As a first step to determine whether investing in such a system offers value for money, this study used contingent valuation to estimate people's willingness to pay for such an early warning system in six European countries. The contingent valuation experiment was conducted through online questionnaires administered in February to March 2018 to cross-sectional, representative samples in the UK, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, and The Netherlands, yielding a total sample size of 3140. Mean willingness to pay for an early warning system was €21.80 (median €10.00) per household per month. Pooled regression results indicate that willingness to pay increased with household income and risk aversion, while they decreased with age. Overall, our results indicate that approximately 80-90% of people would be willing to pay for an increase in health safety in the form of an early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks. However, our results have to be interpreted in light of the usual drawbacks of willingness to pay experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases

et al. 2020

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“…Of these economic analyses, ten were retrospective [ 22 – 24 , 27 , 29 – 34 ], two were prospective [ 25 , 35 ], one hypothetical [ 26 , 36 ] and one preliminary (i.e. based on initial, short term data collection) [ 28 ]. The intervention study designs varied from RCTs [ 23 , 30 , 32 – 34 ], clinical trials (not RCT) [ 27 ], quasi-experimental designs [ 25 , 28 , 31 , 35 ] to designs with no control group [ 22 , 24 , 26 , 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…based on initial, short term data collection) [ 28 ]. The intervention study designs varied from RCTs [ 23 , 30 , 32 – 34 ], clinical trials (not RCT) [ 27 ], quasi-experimental designs [ 25 , 28 , 31 , 35 ] to designs with no control group [ 22 , 24 , 26 , 29 ]. For many of the studies on which the included economic analyses were based, outcome data was collected over a short term [ 22 , 23 , 27 – 29 , 31 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For many of the studies on which the included economic analyses were based, outcome data was collected over a short term [ 22 , 23 , 27 – 29 , 31 , 34 , 35 ]. Some studies used modelling or extrapolation of data over a longer duration to demonstrate benefit [ 24 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 34 ]. Five studies only had access to longer term outcome data ranging from 5 to 13.7 years post intervention [ 24 , 25 , 30 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of outcomes measured and valued varied widely from one to 19. Ten of these analyses measured and valued three or less outcomes [ 23 , 24 , 26 – 28 , 31 – 35 ]. Outcomes varied widely and included reduced substance use, increased educational attainment, reduced criminal activity, teenage births averted, improved productivity/employment, increased social networks, improved mental and physical health, reduced acts of delinquency, increased days of abstinence, reduced absenteeism, reduced arrests, averted STIs, and increased condom use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of economic evaluations of interventions for high risk young people

Edmunds

Ling

Shakeshaft

et al. 2018

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundThe aim of this systematic literature review is to identify and critique full economic evaluations of interventions for high risk young people with the purpose of informing the design of future rigorous economic evaluations of such intervention programs.MethodsA PRISMA compliant search of the literature between 2000 and April 2018 was conducted to identify full economic evaluations of youth focussed interventions for at risk young people. Duplicates were removed and two researchers independently screened the article titles and abstracts according to PICOS criteria for exclusion and inclusion. The remaining full text articles were assessed for eligibility and a quality assessment of the included articles was conducted using the Drummond checklist.ResultsThe database, grey literature and hand searches located 488 studies of interventions for at risk young people. After preliminary screening of titles and abstracts, 104 studies remained for full text examination and 29 empirical studies containing 32 separate economic evaluations were judged eligible for inclusion in the review. These comprised 13 cost-benefit analyses (41%), 17 cost-effectiveness analyses (53%), one cost-utility analysis (3%) and a social return on investment (3%). Three main methodological challenges were identified: 1. attribution of effects; 2. measuring and valuing outcomes; and 3. identifying relevant costs and consequences.ConclusionsA cost-benefit analysis would best capture the dynamic nature of a multi-component intervention for high risk young people, incorporating broader intersectoral outcomes and enabling measurement of more domains of risk. Prospective long-term data collection and a strong study design that incorporates a control group contribute to the quality of economic evaluation. Extrapolation of impact into the future is important for this population, in order to account for the time lag in effect of many impacts and benefits arising from youth interventions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12913-018-3450-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Effect of Including Alcohol and Cannabis Content in a Sexual Risk-Reduction Intervention on the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents

et al. 2018

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IMPORTANCE Adolescents in the juvenile justice system are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Concurrent use of alcohol and cannabis increase this risk. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a theory-based sexual risk-reduction intervention that included alcohol-and cannabis-focused content resulted in greater reductions in STIs than an intervention that included alcohol-related content only and an intervention that did not include substance use content. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cluster randomized clinical trial with 3 conditions. Between July 1, 2010, and December 10, 2014, adolescents living at a juvenile detention facility in the southwestern United States were tested and treated for STI before randomization and again 12 months after the intervention. Data analyses were conducted in July and August 2017. Eligibility criteria included (1) being aged 14 to 18 years, (2) able to speak English, (3) having a remaining detention term of less than 1 month, and (4) signing a release granting access to STI results if tested at intake. Six hundred ninety-three adolescents were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 460 completed baseline assessments and were randomized to 1 of 3 intervention conditions. Data analysis was by intent-to-treat. INTERVENTIONS There were 3 intervention conditions: sexual risk reduction intervention (SRRI); SRRI plus alcohol content (SRRI + ETOH); and SRRI + ETOH plus cannabis content (SRRI + ETOH + THC). Interventions were conducted in same-sex groups by trained clinicians and included video presentations with discussion, group activities, and active feedback by participants, consistent with the principles of motivational enhancement therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Although not the outcome on which the study was originally powered, the main outcome variable presented herein is STI incidence (Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae) 12 months after the intervention. RESULTS Of the 460 participants randomized, mean (SD) age was 15.8 (1.1) years, 347 participants (75.4%) were male, and 57.0% were of Hispanic ethnicity. Among the participants, 143 were randomized to SSRI, 155 to SRRI + ETOH, and 162 to SRRI + ETOH + THC. Attrition at 12-month follow-up was 99 (21.5%) for the STI outcome variable. Participants in the SRRI + ETOH + THC intervention had lower incidence of STI at follow-up (3.9%) than those in either the SRRI (12.4%; odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.10-0.84) or the SRRI + ETOH (10.2%; odds ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.12-1.05) interventions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE An intervention delivered in a motivational enhancement therapy format that includes theory-based sexual risk reduction combined with alcohol-and cannabis-focused elements is effective at reducing STI incidence among justice-involved adolescents. This 1-session manualized intervention can be delivered in the context of short-term detention and is easily disseminated to juvenile justice agencies. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01170260

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The economic impact of Project MARS (Motivating Adolescents to Reduce Sexual Risk).

Abstract: From an economic perspective, Project MARS is a worthwhile program to adopt. Future attention should be given to the impact of behavioral interventions on viral infections.

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases

Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases

Systematic review of economic evaluations of interventions for high risk young people

Effect of Including Alcohol and Cannabis Content in a Sexual Risk-Reduction Intervention on the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents

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