The Economic Underpinnings of Patent Law

Incentives and Social Capital: Are Homeowners Better Citizens?

“…We do not actually know the expected duration of future residence in a place, but we can control for past residence which should be a predictor of future mobility as well. 19 Our duration measure is the individual's categorical answer to the question "how long have you been living in your community?" Categories include less than one year, between one and three years, between four and nine years and more than ten years.…”

The Persistent Puzzles of Safeguards: Lessons From the Steel Dispute

“…A third technique for analyzing the causal connection between increased quantities of imports and injury has surfaced in the reasoning of a few Commissioners, and might be termed the "import supply curve" approach. It has also found its way into some academic studies, such as that of Grossman, 19 Kelly, 20 and Irwin. 21 This approach draws on standard economic models of international trade to divide the potential causes of injury into three groups: forces that cause shifts in the domestic supply schedule; forces that cause shifts in the domestic demand schedule; and forces that cause shifts in the import supply schedule.…”

“…The old Hatter's Fur case noted above is instructive in this regard. The U.S. position in that case was that a decline in 19 Grossman, Gene M. , Imports as a Cause of Injury: The Case of the U.S. Steel Industry, 20 J. Int'l Econ. 201 (1986).…”

Steady the Course: Property Rights in Genetic Material

“…The best way to think of this problem is as an illustration of the so-called double marginalization question, where, when the dust settles, to unrelated monopolists acting independently reduce the social gains from the utilization of their resources. 19 The basic intuition is that each of the monopolists will ignore the harms that his decision imposes on any other monopolist, so that acting separately the riparians do far worse than they would if they coordinate. This problem arises only, however, when the two monopolists stand in an upstream and downstream relationship to each other, a term that is descriptive, not metaphorical, in the water case.…”

“…The combination that is welcome in one context (upstream/downstream) becomes dangerous in another (sidestreams, to coin a phrase). The spatial relationship really matters, such 19 See, e.g., See Dennis Carlton and Jeffrey Perloff, Modern Industrial Organization, 398-410 (3rd ed, XXXX). See also material, supra note 8.…”