The Economics of Railroad Safety

Savage, Ian

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5571-1

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The basic method should pay specifically attention to reverse thinking method, comparative analysis method, investigation and study method, and the quantitative and qualitative analysis method, also should pay attention to the combination method of macroscopic and microscopic [9,10]. And some scholars have also proposed the opportunity cost method.…”

Section: Basic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Framework and Significance on the Economics of Port Safety

et al. 2016

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Abstract. This article is based on drawing lessons from the basic theory of safety economics, such as the basic concepts, principles, theories, research methods, etc.; and is combined with the actual on the safety production of port enterprises. It has expounded the basic theory on the economics of port safety, such as basic connotation, subject investigated and research method; and has pointed out the basic features. The significance and value of research on the economics of port safety have been analysed in article. The basic framework on the economics of port safety has sketched in this article.

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Section: Basic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Framework and Significance on the Economics of Port Safety

et al. 2016

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“…More than half of all fatalities occur at crossings with passive warning devices and, because the traffic volumes are much lower, the risks to the highway user are at least four times as great as at a crossing with active warning devices. (14) There is considerable public misperception of the risks posed by grade crossings, the meaning of various warning signs, and the type of conduct required. (15) Consequently, there are great potential benefits from public education.…”

Section: Analysis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the Office of Management and Budgets recommends a discount rate of 7%. (16) On the cost side, extending the calculations in Savage, (14) it is estimated that Section 130 capital expenditures from 1975 to 2001 have amounted to about $8.5 billion in current prices, when one includes the match funds from state and local authorities and the railroads. These costs are assumed to occur now.…”

Section: Analysis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an enhanced value of travel time of $13 an hour to recognize that time spent in other than free-flow conditions is considered more disagreeable, produces a time penalty of 3.6 cents per traverse of the crossing. (14) Of course, in some locations sight lines are so good that drivers do not have to slow down to observe for a train. However, these locations are given a low priority when decisions are made on installation of warning devices.…”

Section: Analysis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Has Safety Improved at Rail‐Highway Grade Crossings?

Mok

Savage²

2005

Risk Analysis

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The number of collisions and fatalities at rail-highway intersections in the United States has declined significantly over the past 30 years, despite considerable increases in the volume of rail and highway traffic. This article disaggregates the improvement into its constituent causes. Negative binomial regressions are conducted on a pooled data set for 49 states from 1975 to 2001. The analysis concludes that about two-fifths of the decrease is due to factors such as reduced drunk driving and improved emergency medical response that have improved safety on all parts of the highway network. The installation of gates and/or flashing lights accounts for about a fifth of the reduction. The development in the 1970s and early 1980s of the Operation Lifesaver public education campaign, and the installation of additional lights on locomotives in the mid 1990s, each led to about a seventh of the reduction. Finally, about a tenth is due to closure of crossings resulting from line abandonments or consolidation of little-used crossings.

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“…Between 1978 and the mid-1990s, the rate of collisions and derailments fell by 75%. Because these three explanatory factors are highly collinear, there has been considerable disagreement as to their relative contribution to the improvement (Savage, 1998).…”

Section: Empirical Literature On Deregulation and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%