The ecophysiology of epilithic diatom communities of acid lakes in Galloway, southwest Scotland

Smith, M. A.

doi:10.1098/rstb.1990.0060

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In contrast, stream periphyton communities were found to exhibit reduced phosphatase activities in more acidic waters containing higher Al concentrations (Mulholland et al, 1986). Similar observations were made using epilithic communities collected from 32 lakes in Scotland (Smith, 1990). Mullholland et al (1986) attributed their inconsistency with Jansson (1981) to the relatively low (<300 µg · L -1 ) Al concentrations present in these waters, but did not specifically test whether Al directly affected enzyme activity.…”

Section: Direct Effects Of Aluminum On Phosphorus Physiologymentioning

confidence: 59%

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Gensemer

Playle

1999

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

642

444

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ABSTRACT:In this article we review the biological effects of Al, primarily with respect to the chemical factors controlling Al bioavailability and toxicity, and how its biological effects are best predicted. Our intent is not to duplicate recent reviews on Al chemistry or toxicity, but rather to update the literature since these reviews were published, and to focus on Al speciation and other external chemical influences on Al bioavailability to freshwater biota. Briefly, we first review Al chemistry, with a specific focus on understanding, as well as measuring, Al chemical species of importance to aquatic biota. Next we more comprehensively review Al toxicity and bioavailability to freshwater algae, with a thorough analysis of the relationships between speciation and toxicity, the role of important chemical complexing agents such as P, Si, and organic carbon, as well as the potential for Al to impact algal community structure. A third section reviews the more sparse literature on aquatic higher plants; the fourth section reviews a somewhat more abundant literature of Al toxicity to freshwater invertebrates. We close with an updated review of Al toxicity to fish, again with a focus on mechanisms of toxicity, and the role of Al speciation in controlling bioavailability.

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Section: Direct Effects Of Aluminum On Phosphorus Physiologymentioning

confidence: 59%

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Gensemer

Playle

1999

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

642

444

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“…One important assumption, pointed out by Imbrie and Webb (1981) and Birks et al (1990b), is that the environmental variable to be reconstructed is, or is linearly related to, an ecologically important variable in the ecosystem of interest. The relationships between diatoms and pH are well established (Battarbee, 1984;Charles, 1985;Smith, 1990). In the case of alkalinity, the second alternative is probably a more valid assumption, namely that alkalinity is related to some variables of importance for the diatom communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Diatom-based water chemistry reconstructions from northern Sweden: a comparison of reconstruction techniques

Korsman

Birks

1996

J Paleolimnol

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The diatom composition in surface sediments from 119 northern Swedish lakes was studied to examine the relationship with lake-water pH, alkalinity, and colour. Diatom-based predictive models, using weighted-averaging (WA) regression and calibration, partial least squares (PLS) regression and calibration, and weighted-averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) regression and calibration, were developed for inferences of water chemistry conditions. The non-linear response between the diatom assemblages and pH and alkalinity was best modelled by weighted-averaging methods. The lowest prediction error for pH was obtained using weighted averaging, with or without tolerance downweighting. For alkalinity there was still some information in the residual structure after extracting the first weighted-averaging component, which resulted in a slight improvement of predictions when using a two component WA-PLS model. The best colour predictions were obtained using a two component PLS model. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the prediction errors, with some characteristics of the training set included as passive variables, was performed to compare the results for the different alkalinity predictive models. The results indicate that calibration techniques utilizing more than one component (PLS and WA-PLS) can improve the predictions for lakes with diatom taxa that have broad tolerances. Furthermore, we show that WA-PLS performs best compared with the other techniques for those lakes that have a high relative abundance of the most dominant taxa and a corresponding low sample heterogeneity.

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“…Aluminum toxicity is known at many trophic levels, and hypothesized mechanisms for microalgae include interference with nutrient uptake and/or metabolism (Nalewajko and Paul 1985;Gensemer 1990;Smith 1990). Such mechanisms of algal toxicity provide the link that allows evaluation of fisheries status using algae.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Estimates Of Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Trends in Fishery Resources and Lake Water Aluminum from Paleolimnological Analyses of Siliceous Algae

Kingston¹,

Birks²,

Uutala³

et al. 1992

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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1992. Assessing trends in fishery resources and lake water aluminum from paleolimnologica analyses of siliceous algae. Can. 1. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49: 1 16-1 27.Lake water aluminum concentrations have a significant influence on the composition of microfossil assemblages of diatoms and chrysophytes deposited in lake sediments. With the paleslimnological approach of multilake datasets in the Adirondack region of New Ysrk, USA, we use canonical correspondence analysis to describe past trends in lake water Al. Four lakes, previously investigated regarding acidification and fishery trends, are used to demonstrate that paleolimnological assessment can also provide direction, timing, and magnitude of trends for both toxic metals and fish resources. Additionally, we use weighted averaging regression and calibration to obtain quantitative reconstructions of past lake water Al concentrations. Such reconstructions provide further insight into fishery resource damage and can be compared with modelling results. According to paleolimnologicaB reconstructions, some (albeit few) sf the naturally most acidic lakes in the Adirondack region had preindustrial lake water concentrations of inorganic monomeric Al near 4 prno1.L-'. Although these high concentrations are surprising from a geochemical point of view, they may partially explain the preindustrial absence of fish, as has been independently determined by paleolimnological analysis of phantom midges (Chaoborus). Fishery resource deterioration in acidified Adirondack lakes was coincident with major increases in lake water Al concentrations.La concentration d'aluminium de I'eau des (acs influe de f a p n appreciable sur la composition des assemblages de rnicrofossiles de diatomees et de ckrysophytes se trouvant dans les sediments lacustres. En appliquant glne approche pal6oli~nologique 5 des epsembles de donnees recueillies a partir de plusieurs lacs de la region des Adirondacks de I'Etat de New-York ( E . 4 . ) ' nous avons utilis6 i'analyse de correspondances canoniques afin de decrire les tendances passees des concentrations d'Al dans I'eau. Quatre lacs, dont les tendances de I'acidification et de la faune aquatique avaient dej& ete etudiees, ont servi 2 dernontrer que l'6valuation pal6olimnologique psuvait aussi permettre de determiner ['orientation, le moment d'apparition et l'importance des tendances des metaux toxiques et des ressources halieutiques. De plus, des regressions et des etalonnages de moyennes ponder$es nous snt permis de reconstituer les concentrations d'Al qui existaient ant6rieurement dans les lacs. De telles reconstructions permettent de rnieux comprendre les domrnages causes aux ressources halieutiques et leurs resultats peuvent &re com8-ipar6s 3 ceux de travaux de modklisation, Selon les reconstructions paleolirnnologiqkaes, certains (bien qkte peu nombreux) des lacs naturellernent les plus acides de la rkgion des Adirondacks presentaient, avant I'ere industrielie, des concentrations d'Al inorganiqgle rnonom2re atteignant presque 4 p,mol-L-'. Des concentrat...

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The ecophysiology of epilithic diatom communities of acid lakes in Galloway, southwest Scotland

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Diatom-based water chemistry reconstructions from northern Sweden: a comparison of reconstruction techniques

Assessing Trends in Fishery Resources and Lake Water Aluminum from Paleolimnological Analyses of Siliceous Algae

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