The effect combination of porang tuber starch-manitol on the physical properties of bajakah root (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) dried aquous extract lozenges

Abstract

Bajakah root infuse was consumed to restore energy by Kalimantan people because it contains antioxidant, but it is not practical and efficient. Lozenges are preferred drug delivery for all ages compared to conventional tablets. Mannitol is a choice filler for lozenges because cold and sweet taste. It has hygroscopic properties, so it needs to be combined with starch. This study aimed to determine the effect of porang tuber starch in combination with mannitol on the physical properties of bajakah root dried extract lozenges. Bajakah roots were extracted using infundation and dried using a freeze dryer. The antioxidant activity of it was using the DPPH method. Porang tuber starch was extracted using water at a ratio of 1:3. Lozenges of bajakah were made with ratio of porang tuber starch-mannitol (1: 9) as filler using the dry granulation method. Physical properties were tested, including flow time, angle of repose, weight uniformity, hardness, brittleness, disintegration time, and dissolution time. The IC50 value obtained is 0.155 mg/mL. The proportion of porang tuber starch-mannitol (1: 9) resulted the physical properties namely a flow time of 4.87±0.76 seconds; angle of repose 28.91±0.99°; weight uniformity that met the requirements; hardness 10.03±2.06 Kg; friability 0.98%; disintegration time 8.34±1.89 minutes. The dissolution efficiency at 60 minutes resulted in 82.66%. It has met the requirements of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia 5th Ed.