The effect of 3mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 produced by a steric entrapment method on the mechanical and sintering properties of Cr3C2 based cermets

ZrO2 Matrix Toughened Ceramic Material‐Strength and Toughness

“…During the cooling process after sintering, the natural phase transformation from tetragonal phase to monoclinic phase occurs with large volume expansion, which may lead to cracks and other defects. [ 38,39 ] In order to obtain stable tetragonal phase at room temperature, stabilizers are added, such as Y 2 O 3 , [ 40,41 ] MgO, [ 42 ] CeO 2 , [ 43 ] CaO, [ 44,45 ] La 2 O 3 , [ 46 ] etc. The cations of Y 3 + , Mg 2 + , Ce 4 + , Ca 2 + , La 3 + can be partially dissolved into ZrO 2 ceramics, forming a substitutional solid solution, and preventing the spontaneous tetragonal‐monoclinic phase transition.…”

“…During the cooling process after sintering, the natural phase transformation from tetragonal phase to monoclinic phase occurs with large volume expansion, which may lead to cracks and other defects. [38,39] In order to obtain stable tetragonal phase at room temperature, stabilizers are added, such as Y 2 O 3 , [40,41] MgO, [42] CeO 2 , [43] CaO, [44,45] La 2 O 3 , [46] etc. The cations of Y…”

Comparative study of titanate syntheses by the organic steric entrapment method

“…However, by using in situ EG polymerization around the Ti 4+ species, this process can be extended to chemicals that decompose in water and precipitate out of solution, such as titanium isopropoxide Ti[(OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ] 4 or “TISO.” 3 In the case of titanate powder, EG can act as an effective solvent for wet chemical synthesis, because a water‐soluble titanium salt is not available commercially. The polymerizing agent, EG in this method, acts to capture the metal ions by polymerizing around the dissolved Ti 4+ species resulting in a steric entrapment mechanism as in the PVA method 2–35 . This serves to decrease the mobility of metal ions and constrain the system to prevent precipitation of cationic species and agglomeration.…”

“…However, the process is often expensive and complicated. The organic steric entrapment method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or ethylene glycol (EG) as a polymer carrier has been developed to facilitate and make the soft solution processing more efficient 2–35 . The PVA, partially substituted with 17 mol% acetate groups, ensures a homogeneous distribution of the metal ions in its polymeric network structure and inhibits their segregation and/or precipitation from the solution.…”

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Al2O3-TiC Composite Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering Process with Metallic (Ni, Nb) Binders

“…Ni is one of the prominent candidates as a binder, which can be widely utilized in various types of cermets [18,19]. The addition of transition and relatively soft material like Ni may have a significant influence in reducing the crack growth during the sintering process, due to its excellent oxidation resistance [20,21]. Furthermore, Ni as a binder is responsible for better toughness and ductility in the ceramic matrix composites [22,23].…”