The effect of a course of selected corrective exercises on posture, scapula-humeral rhythm and performance of adolescent volleyball players with upper cross syndrome

Abstract

Background This study aims to investigate the effect of a course of selected corrective exercises on posture, scapula-humeral rhythm and performance of adolescent volleyball players. Methods 30 adolescent volleyball players with upper cross syndrome were purposefully selected and assigned into 2 control and training groups. The degree of back curvature was evaluated using a flexible ruler, forward head and forward shoulder size by photographic method, scapula-humeral rhythm by Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST), and performance by closed kinetic chain test. The training group performed the exercises for 10 weeks. After the exercises, the post-test was administered. To analyze the data, analysis of co-variance tests and paired t-test at the level of 0.05 were employed. Results The research results showed that corrective exercises have a significant effect on abnormalities of forward head, forward shoulder, kyphosis, scapula-humeral rhythm and performance. Conclusions Corrective exercises can be effective in reducing shoulder girdle and spine abnormalities and improving scapula- humeral rhythm and performance of volleyball players.

Peculiarities of Adolescent, Qualified Female Volleyball Players’ Shoulder Girdle

“…Corrective exercises could be an effective method in reducing shoulder girdle and spine abnormalities, thus improving the performance of volleyball players. This was confirmed by Firouzjah et al (43) who concluded that execution of correction exercises for 10 weeks (three sessions per week with a duration of each session 30-70 minutes) was an effective tool in shoulder girdle and spine abnormality reduction, thus improving performance in adolescent volleyball players with the upper cross syndrome. The D arm's submaximal force repetition error of the ER was smaller than in the ND arm (4 N in the D shoulder and 5 N in the ND shoulder) and in the extensor muscles (5 N in the D arm and 7 N in the ND arm), but this was not determined for IR muscles (5 N in both shoulders).…”

The effect of various therapeutic exercises on forward head posture, rounded shoulder, and hyperkyphosis among people with upper crossed syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Eighteen studies have examined the effect of therapeutic exercise on thoracic kyphosis [ 10 – 13 , 17 , 18 , 22 – 30 , 33 , 35 , 36 ]. In three studies, both independent intervention groups were utilized, while in one study, all three independent intervention groups were included.…”

“… Guo et al, 2023 [ 31 ] College students Intervention group: 20 (11/9)( 19.00 ± 0.97) Control group: 20(7/13)( 18.85 ± 0.88) cervical and thoracic “Daoyin” training. No Exercise (8), (5), (NA) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder obvious improvement in the forward head angle, forward shoulder angle, Park et al, 2014 [ 32 ] children Intervention group: 20 (10/10)( 13.55 ± 2.21) Control group: 20(10/10)( 13.75 ± 1.80 Strengthening and stretching exercise No Exercise (25), (3), (NA) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder The complex training improved posture Firouzjah et al, 2023 [ 33 ] volleyball players Intervention group: 15 ( 16/46 ± 0/63) Control group: 15 ( 16/80 ± 0/77) Strengthening and stretching exercise No Exercise (10), (3), (30–70) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder, Kyphosis significant good effect on forward head, forward shoulder, and kyphosis. Ruivo et al, 2016 [ 34 ] adolescents Intervention group: 42(16/26) (15.5 ± 1.0) Control group: 46(15/31) (15.9 ± 1.1) Strengthening and stretching exercise in addition to Physical Education classes Physical Education classes (32), (2), (NA) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder The exercise intervention successfully decreased the forward head and protracted shoulder in adolescents.…”