The effect of a knee ankle foot orthosis incorporating an active knee mechanism on gait of a person with poliomyelitis

Arazpour, Mokhtar; Chitsazan, Ahmad; Bani, Monireh Ahmadi; Rouhi, Gholamreza; Ghomshe, Farhad Tabatabai; Hutchins, Stephen W

doi:10.1177/0309364612469140

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The SCKAFO improves gait kinematics, increases knee flexion during the swing phase, provides a more symmetrical gait, and requires less compensatory movement than the conventional, passive KAFO [ 5 6 7 ]. However, there are three major problems with the SCKAFO designs: switching between the stance and swing phases is not smooth, the knee joint is locked during the stance phase, and the device does not assist in knee extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Experience on Stance Control Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis With Electromagnetically Controlled Knee Joint System in Poliomyelitis

Kim

Jung

et al. 2016

Ann Rehabil Med

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A 54-year-old man with poliomyelitis had been using a conventional, passive knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) with a drop ring lock knee joint for about 40 years. A stance control KAFO (SCKAFO) with an electromagnetically controlled (E-MAG) knee joint system was prescribed. To correct his gait pattern, he also underwent rehabilitation therapy, which included muscle re-education, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, strengthening exercises for the lower extremities, and balance training twice a week for about 4 months. Both before and after rehabilitation, we conducted a gait analysis and assessed the physiological cost index in energy expended during walking in a locked-knee state and while he wore a SCKAFO with E-MAG. When compared with the pre-rehabilitation data, the velocity, step length, stride length, and knee kinematic data were improved after rehabilitation. Although the SCKAFO with E-MAG system facilitated the control of knee motion during ambulation, appropriate rehabilitative therapy was also needed to achieve a normal gait pattern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Experience on Stance Control Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis With Electromagnetically Controlled Knee Joint System in Poliomyelitis

Kim

Jung

et al. 2016

Ann Rehabil Med

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“…A team at the University of Michigan [40][41][42] , USA, presented an ankle joints with a carbon-fiber frame driven by artificial pneumatic muscles. It weighted only 17 N, and the wearer could easily accommodate to it.…”

Section: Fig 5 Experimental Devices Driven By Electric Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceeding of human exoskeleton technology and discussions on future research

Xie

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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After more than half a century of intense efforts, the development of exoskeleton has seen major advances, and several remarkable achievements have been made. Reviews of developing history of exoskeleton are presented, both in active and passive categories. Major models are introduced, and typical technologies are commented on. Difficulties in control algorithm, driver system, power source, and man-machine interface are discussed. Current researching routes and major developing methods are mapped and critically analyzed, and in the process, some key problems are revealed. First, the exoskeleton is totally different from biped robot, and relative studies based on the robot technologies are considerably incorrect. Second, biomechanical studies are only used to track the motion of the human body, the interaction between human and machines are seldom studied. Third, the traditional developing ways which focused on servo-controlling have inborn deficiency from making portable systems. Research attention should be shifted to the human side of the coupling system, and the human ability to learn and adapt should play a more significant role in the control algorithms. Having summarized the major difficulties, possible future works are discussed. It is argued that, since a distinct boundary cannot be drawn in such strong-coupling human-exoskeleton system, the more complex the control system gets, the more difficult it is for the user to learn to use. It is suggested that the exoskeleton should be treated as a simple wearable tool, and downgrading its automatic level may be a change toward a brighter research outlook. This effort at simplification is definitely not easy, as it necessitates theoretical supports from fields such as biomechanics, ergonomics, and bionics.

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“…Moreover, the non‐braced limb demonstrates elimination of vaulting, reduction in abnormal ankle and hip power generation, increased knee power absorption, and more typical quadriceps activation in polio survivors using a stance‐control KAFO. When using the powered stance‐control KAFO, the knee flexion achieved during swing and also the overall pattern of walking more closely matched that of normal human walking …”

Section: Treatment and Managementmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…When using the powered stance-control KAFO, the knee flexion achieved during swing and also the overall pattern of walking more closely matched that of normal human walking. 32 Alternatively, patients using a locked-knee KAFO may benefit from using a heel-to-toe rocker sole that facilitates forward progression of the tibia. A significant increase in stride length has been demonstrated in patients with poliomyelitis using a rocker sole with a KAFO, although there was no significant increase in walking velocity or cadence.…”

Section: Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐polio syndrome and the late effects of poliomyelitis: Part 2. treatment, management, and prognosis

Robinson

2018

Muscle and Nerve

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Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is characterized by new muscle weakness and/or muscle fatigability that occurs many years after the initial poliomyelitis illness. An individualized approach to rehabilitation management is critical. Interventions may include rehabilitation management strategies, adaptive equipment, orthotic equipment, gait/mobility aids, and a variety of therapeutic exercises. The progression of muscle weakness in PPS is typically slow and gradual; however, there is also variability in both the natural history of weakness and functional prognosis. Further research is required to determine the effectiveness of selected medical treatment. Muscle Nerve, 2018.

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The effect of a knee ankle foot orthosis incorporating an active knee mechanism on gait of a person with poliomyelitis

Abstract: The new powered SCKAFO facilitated controlled knee flexion and extension during ambulation for a volunteer poliomyelitis person.

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Therapeutic Experience on Stance Control Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis With Electromagnetically Controlled Knee Joint System in Poliomyelitis

Therapeutic Experience on Stance Control Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis With Electromagnetically Controlled Knee Joint System in Poliomyelitis

Proceeding of human exoskeleton technology and discussions on future research

Post‐polio syndrome and the late effects of poliomyelitis: Part 2. treatment, management, and prognosis

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