The Effect of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention on Obesity Status, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children and Adolescents with Obesity

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention program targeted at children and adolescents with moderate to severe obesity, and assess the additional effects of exercise intervention when compared to usual care. Overall, the 103 enrolled participants were ≥85th percentile of age and sex-specific body mass index (BMI). Participants were divided into groups that received 16 weeks of either usual care or exercise intervention. The BMI z-score of the overall completers decreased by about 0.05 after the 16-week intervention (p = 0.02). After the intervention, only the exercise group had a significantly lower BMI z-score than the baseline score by about 0.1 (p = 0.03), but no significant group by time interaction effects were observed. At the 16-week follow-up, significant group by time interaction effects were observed in percentage body fat (%BF) (β = −1.52, 95%CI = −2.58–−0.45), lean body mass (LM) (β = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.12–2.29), diastolic blood pressure (β = −5.24, 95%CI = −9.66–−0.83), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β = −1.67, 95%CI = −2.77–−1.01), and wall sit test score (β = 50.74, 95%CI = 32.30–69.18). We developed a moderate-intensity intervention program that can be sustained in the real-world setting and is practically applicable to both moderate and severe obesity. After interventions, the exercise group had lower %BF and cardiometabolic risk markers, and higher LM and leg muscle strength compared to the usual care group.

Improving the Metabolic and Mental Health of Children with Obesity: A School-Based Nutrition Education and Physical Activity Intervention in Wuhan, China

“…Our study showed that BP decreased from baseline to post-intervention in both the CG and IG, which aligned with two previous intervention trials conducted by Almas et al [28] and Seo et al [29]. A previous study suggested that BP measurement underwent a seasonal variation or influenced by outdoor temperature [30].…”

“…Therefore, measurement bias could not be completely excluded. Additionally, the group*time interaction results indicated the mean change of SBP, rather than DBP, from baseline to post-intervention was significantly different between two groups, which were in agreement with the findings from Almas' study [28], but inconsistent with Seo's study [29]. It is likely that these differences may result from the different duration and intensity of intervention [8].…”

The effects of exercise on vascular markers and C-reactive protein among obese children and adolescents: An evidence-based review

“…Hence, the level of CRP fluctuates, depending on the physical activity of individuals [59]. From our analysis, only half of the studies that measured CRP demonstrated a significant reduction in CRP after exercise intervention among obese children and adolescents [37,47,60,61]. A previous review also reported the similar trend, where less than half of exercise intervention contributed to significant improvements in CRP [62].…”

Layperson-Led vs Professional-Led Behavioral Interventions for Weight Loss in Pediatric Obesity

“…We initially identified 25 586 citations and, after removing duplicates, we reviewed 20 514 unique citations. Of those, 78 RCTs 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ...…”