The effect of additives on radiation-induced grafting of AA and SSS onto HDPE

Zu, Jianhua; Hu, Zhiqiang; Wang, Weitao; Zhang, Jianqiu; Pino, Eddy S.; Gu, Ji; Tong, Long

doi:10.1007/s10967-007-6816-9

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, grafting of SSS became feasible only when acrylic acid (AA) was pre-grafted onto the HDPE membranes, followed by SSS grafting after another irradiation step [5,6] and also when a binary mixture of AA and SSS was grafted into HDPE in a single step-reaction [7][8][9][10]. Nevertheless, HDPE with its poly(AA) grafts in the obtained bi-functional membranes are deemed not to be desired components in proton exchange membranes for PEMFCs and DMFCs due to stability concerns of the former and incomplete dissociation of the latter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-step radiation induced grafting for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell

Nasef

Saidi

Dahlan

2009

Journal of Membrane Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-step radiation induced grafting for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell

Nasef

Saidi

Dahlan

2009

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…Due to this approach the charge of carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups is screened, and the mechanism of AA and SSS grafting becomes similar to the mechanism of grafting of uncharged monomers [24, 34]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [19, 24, 26, 27], the presence of sulfonic acid groups positively affects water absorption ability of the graft copolymer. As a consequence, the degree of swelling changes and cation exchange properties increase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-irradiation grafting of SSS and acrylic acid (AA) from the binary mixture of monomers onto high density polyethylene (HDPE) (is an interesting approach tried in [24–26]). The authors believed the process would occur on alkyl radicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in [24–27] no consideration was given to the distribution of SSS links throughout the grafted copolymer thickness, which is most significant for cation-exchange membranes in electrochemical applications. Moreover, changes in physico-mechanical properties of the film or fiber materials during modification were not investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation graft post-polymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate onto polyethylene

Kitaeva

Дуфлот

Il’icheva

2013

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Post-irradiation grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) in the presence of acrylic acid (AA) has been investigated on polyethylene (PE) pre-exposed to gamma radiation at room temperature in the air. Special attention was paid to the effect of low molecular weight salt additives on the kinetics of graft copolymerization of SSS and AA. The presence of SSS links in the grafted PE copolymers was detected by the methods of UV and FTIR spectroscopy. Based on the FITR spectroscopy and element analysis data, a mechanism was proposed for graft copolymerization of SSS and AA onto PE. The mechanical properties of the graft copolymers were studied. It was established that PE copolymers grafted with sulfonic acid and carboxyl groups have higher strength characteristics (16.3 MPa) compared to the samples containing only carboxyl groups (11 MPa).

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Acid‐synergized grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate onto electron beam irradiated‐poly(vinylidene fluoride) films for preparation of fuel cell membrane

Nasef

Saidi

Dahlan

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The role of acid addition in synergizing radiation induced grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) onto electron beam-irradiated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films as a single-step route for preparation of proton exchange membranes containing sulfonic acid groups was systematically investigated. The grafting reaction, known for its poor kinetics, was studied using SSS diluted in various solvents and solvent/acid solutions of different concentrations and volumes. The addition of acid solution was found to marvelously synergize the grafting reaction from very low values (e.g., 0.5%) to achieve high degrees (e.g., 65%) of grafting and such synergetic effect depends on the type, concentration and volume of the added acid. The degree of grafting was also found to be function of the monomer concentration and the irradiation dose at constant acid concentration and volume. The obtained membranes were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results of present study reveal that grafting of SSS to levels suitable for fuel cell application onto PVDF film is only possible by adding aqueous acids solution. Moreover, the addition of acid makes this shorter singlestep method more economical route for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cells.

show abstract

The effect of additives on radiation-induced grafting of AA and SSS onto HDPE

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Single-step radiation induced grafting for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell

Single-step radiation induced grafting for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell

Radiation graft post-polymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate onto polyethylene

Acid‐synergized grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate onto electron beam irradiated‐poly(vinylidene fluoride) films for preparation of fuel cell membrane

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