The Effect of Adrenalectomy Upon the Total Metabolism of the Cat

Aub, Joseph C.; Forman, J; Bright, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1922.61.2.326

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This elevated EE at week 10 coincided with the greatest observed CSS and NOT latency values, indicating the cats may have been experiencing a stress response that increased EE, supporting our hypothesis that collection of data from cats experiencing stress may lead to overestimation of energy requirements. Additionally, the mean EE at week 10 fell within the range of EE reported in previous studies [8][9][10][11][12] that failed to acclimate cats to respiration chambers (44.0 to 67.5 kcal/kg BW*day). While this wide range suggests that there are likely considerable differences in individual cat stress responses, the magnitude of these EE values illustrate the importance of acclimating cats to the temporary restriction within indirect calorimetry chambers with regard to collecting reliable and accurate respiratory gas data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Introduction of adult cats to indirect calorimetry respiration chambers causes increased energy expenditure and respiratory quotient that decrease following acclimation

Hogan

Genova

Templeman

et al. 2022

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To replicate a previously defined behavioral procedure to acclimate adult cats to temporary restriction in indirect calorimetry chambers and measure energy expenditure and respiratory quotient changes during acclimation. ANIMALS 8 healthy adult cats (4 spayed females, and 4 neutered males; mean ± SEM age, 2.5 ± 1.5 years; mean body weight, 4.8 ± 1.8 kg). PROCEDURES Cats underwent a 13-week incremental acclimation procedure whereby cats were acclimated to the chambers in their home environment (weeks 1 to 3), to the study room (weeks 4 to 6), and to increasing lengths of restriction within their home environment (weeks 7 to 8) and the chambers (weeks 9 to 13). Cat stress score, respiratory rate, fearfulness (assessed with a novel object test), energy expenditure, and respiratory quotient were measured. Data were analyzed by use of a repeated-measures mixed model. RESULTS Stress, based on cat stress scores, fearfulness, and respiration, peaked at weeks 4, 9, and 10 but returned to baseline levels by week 11. Energy expenditure and respiratory quotient peaked at weeks 10 and 11, respectively, but were reduced significantly by weeks 11 and 13, respectively. All cats returned to baseline by the end of the study and were deemed fully acclimated. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Changes in perceived stress level, energy expenditure, and respiratory quotient at various stages of the acclimation procedure suggest that stress should be considered a significant variable in energy balance measurements when indirect calorimetry is used in cats. An incremental acclimation procedure should therefore be used to prepare cats for the temporary space restriction necessary for indirect calorimetry studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Introduction of adult cats to indirect calorimetry respiration chambers causes increased energy expenditure and respiratory quotient that decrease following acclimation

Hogan

Genova

Templeman

et al. 2022

ajvr

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“…Data for the present review on the energy requirements of adult cats were limited to publications reported in English, and published from 1933 to 2009. These search criteria (36) Mix IC 13 3•7 55•0 (SD 11•0) Yes Ballevre et al (37) Mix DLW 3 7 (38) Mix IC 30 2•8 70•0 Yes Burger et al (39) Mix (9) Mix IC 14 83•0 (SD 7 •5) No -no BW Carpenter (40) Mix IC 5 3•5 56•0 (SD 7•5) No Earl & Smith (9) Mix FE (22) M…”

Section: Data Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy requirements of adult cats

Bermingham

Thomas

Morris³

et al. 2010

Br J Nutr

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A meta-analysis was carried out in order to establish the energy requirements of adult cats. Publications that identified cat body weight (BW) were used to generate allometric relationships between energy requirements and BW of healthy adult cats, using log-log linear regression. Energy requirements were expressed in kcal/kg BW to be consistent with those reported by the National Research Council. Mean maintenance energy requirements were 55·1 (SE 1·2) kcal/kg BW (115 treatment groups). Three allometric equations were identified to predict the energy requirements for maintenance of BW in the cat based on BW: light (53·7 kcal/kg BW ). When reported on lean mass, the allometric equation revealed maintenance requirements were 58·4 kcal/kg lean mass 21·140 (adjusted R 2 0·694; thirty-six treatment groups). The present review suggests that values for maintenance energy requirements based on BW alone may not be an accurate prediction and more detailed information on the age, sex and neuter status, BW and composition would enhance the ability to interpret the maintenance energy requirements of cats. Cats: Energy requirements: Allometric equationsWhile the relationships between energy requirements and age (1,2) and body weight (BW) (3) have been determined in domestic cats, these reports utilised the outcomes of a series of studies in only a single colony of cats. Given the increase in obesity levels in companion animals and the number of recent studies that have investigated this phenomenon, meta-analysis may be an appropriate tool to accurately determine the energy requirements of adult cats. The use of meta-analysis is a powerful method by which the results from multiple independent experiments can be combined to produce more robust results than can be obtained from single experiments alone (4) . Combining results from different experiments using statistical meta-analytical methods can reduce the extent that differences in experimental conditions may have an impact on the calculated prediction equations and cause bias. Additionally, meta-analysis can identify factors that may influence these relationships.Maintenance energy requirements for adult cats have been calculated to be 100 kcal/kg BW 20·67 for normal-weight, and 130 kcal/kg BW 20·4 for heavy cats (5) . The National Research Council (NRC) (5) highlighted that the literature reporting maintenance energy requirements in adult cats is highly variable. For example, the effects of age on maintenance energy requirements differ markedly among publications, as does the effects of neutering. These effects may be explained by other factors that were not taken into consideration among studies, such as age of the cat or methodology used to determine the cats' energy requirements.The objective of the present review was to conduct a meta-analysis on the energy requirements for maintaining BW in adult domestic cats in order to (a) determine predicted changes in energy requirements with weight, and (b) account for factors that may influence these relationships. Initial resul...

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“…The basal metabolism of adrenalectomized cats, carefully controlled by Aub, Forman and Bright (47), showed a reduction of 25 per cent, while the same operation in rabbits was found by Bevier and Shevky (48) to cause a depression of the excretion of urea. The basal metabolism of adrenalectomized cats, carefully controlled by Aub, Forman and Bright (47), showed a reduction of 25 per cent, while the same operation in rabbits was found by Bevier and Shevky (48) to cause a depression of the excretion of urea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 65%

Adrenal Insufficiency From the Viewpoint of the Clinician.*

Sajous¹

1922

Endocrinology

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The Effect of Adrenalectomy Upon the Total Metabolism of the Cat

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Introduction of adult cats to indirect calorimetry respiration chambers causes increased energy expenditure and respiratory quotient that decrease following acclimation

Introduction of adult cats to indirect calorimetry respiration chambers causes increased energy expenditure and respiratory quotient that decrease following acclimation

Energy requirements of adult cats

Adrenal Insufficiency From the Viewpoint of the Clinician.*

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