The effect of adult nutrition on the reproduction and development of the estuarine nudibranch, Tenellia adspersa (Nordmann, 1845)

Chester, Charles M.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(95)00197-2

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Starved specimens of the aeolid nudibranch Tenellia adspersa produced egg masses with entirely planktonic lecithotrophic development, whereas 10 to 15% of the larvae produced by fed adults metamorphosed intracapsularly (Chester 1996). Adult Haminaea calledigenita fed half-rations produced egg masses hatching significantly more veligers and fewer juveniles than fully fed individuals (Gibson & Chia 1995).…”

Section: Bet-hedging Life-history Strategy Of Alderia Modestamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…may select for variation in reproductive mode, which is generally a canalized species-specific trait in marine invertebrates (Hoagland & Robertson 1988, Levin & Bridges 1995. However, other factors such as small body size may also contribute to the evolution of dispersal polymorphisms, particularly in opisthobranch molluscs (Eyster 1979, Chester 1996.…”

Section: Bet-hedging Life-history Strategy Of Alderia Modestamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bet-hedging dispersal strategy of a specialist marine herbivore: a settlement dimorphism among sibling larvae of Alderia modesta

Krug¹

2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Dispersal polymorphisms are known from many terrestrial organisms that inhabit fluctuating environments, but they are not well-recognized among marine invertebrates. An unusual form of variation was found in the settlement behavior of lecithotrophic larvae of the mollusc Alderia modesta (Lovén, 1844) that markedly altered the dispersal potential of sibling larvae. Most clutches contained, in variable proportions, larvae that spontaneously metamorphosed in the egg mass or within 2 d of hatching, and larvae that delayed metamorphosis until encountering the obligate adult food, the yellow-green alga Vaucheria longicaulis. The proportion of larvae undergoing spontaneous metamorphosis within a clutch was highly variable, ranging from 0 to 90%, and was unrelated to adult size. The proportion of intracapsular metamorphosis was also variable, ranging from 0 to 32%. The percentage of spontaneous metamorphosis per clutch was phenotypically plastic: when adults were starved, there was a significant tendency for each successive clutch to have a lower percentage of spontaneous metamorphosis, thus increasing the dispersal potential of the offspring. The decrease in spontaneous metamorphosis was significant after only 24 h of starvation. There was no significant increase in the cumulative level of spontaneous metamorphosis after the 2nd day post-hatching, but larval mortality increased as a linear function after the 5th day. Most larvae that did not spontaneously settle in the first 2 d delayed metamorphosis until they were exposed to the adult host alga, V. longicaulis. When 2 d old larvae were exposed to 17 species of macroalgae and sediment from the adult habitat, only V. longicaulis induced significant metamorphosis (93.3 ± 6.7%); all other species of algae and field sediment induced no metamorphosis or low levels (0-9%) that were not significantly higher than sea water controls. There was no difference in the settlement specificity of 2 and 9 d old larvae when tested against 2 different algae, nor in their ability to complete metamorphosis. The high initial percentage of spontaneous metamorphosis reduces the dispersal potential of some larvae in each clutch relative to their siblings that delay metamorphosis until stimulated by V. longicaulis; this settlement dimorphism represents a novel bet-hedging strategy among marine invertebrates.

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Section: Bet-hedging Life-history Strategy Of Alderia Modestamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bet-hedging Life-history Strategy Of Alderia Modestamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bet-hedging dispersal strategy of a specialist marine herbivore: a settlement dimorphism among sibling larvae of Alderia modesta

Krug¹

2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…A study of the nudibranch Adalaria proxima from several sites around the northern UK found that egg size not only varied among sites, but also decreased with the age of the mother (Jones et al 1996). Likewise, egg size and the number of eggs per egg mass decreased with time after the onset of reproduction in the opisthobranch Haloa japonica (Ito 1997); egg size decreased with age in the nudibranch Tenellia adspersa (Chester 1996, see his Fig. 3); and egg size and egg number decreased with age in the polychaete Capitella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of egg size in two marine gastropods: brood order and female size do not contribute to intraspecific variation

Collin

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Egg size has been shown to vary among females in many species of marine invertebrates and fishes. Usually, however, only a single reproductive event is measured for each female, leaving open the possibility that egg size could vary significantly among broods from the same female. Here I measured egg size from 3 to 7 broods per female from 2 calyptraeid species, Crepidula atrasolea and C. ustulatulina, in 2 experiments. In a preliminary experiment, females were raised from hatching under constant temperature in incubators; in a second larger experiment, they were raised under varying temperatures on the laboratory bench top. Under both conditions, there were significant differences in egg size among broods from each female, as well as significant differences among females from the bench top. Estimates of repeatability, which give an upper boundary on the heritability of a trait, were significantly reduced when among brood variation was included in the calculations, suggesting that caution should be used in interpreting among-female components of variation in studies that measure only a single brood per female. Egg size was not related to female size, and there was an effect of brood order on egg size in only C. ustulatulina from the bench top. Eggs produced in the incubators were larger than those from the bench top and they were more variable within broods, resulting in a lower repeatability of egg size from incubator animals than from bench top animals. The significant variation in egg size at all levels of the analysis suggests that such variation should be included in models of egg size evolution, and that the evolutionary dynamics of egg size may be more complicated than reflected in current models of life-history evolution. KEY WORDS: Crepidula · Direct development · Phenotypic plasticity · Bet-hedgingResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Thus, it is possible that the deeper area C has less food available than the shallower areas A and B. It is known from the literature that the condition of food available to mature females may directly influence reproductive characteristics such as fecundity and egg size in various organisms (Kaplan, 1987;Qian and Chia, 1991;Chester, 1996). However, further investigations performed over more years and sampling of ovigerous female N. norvegicus from different depth ranges and areas are required to enhance the accuracy of knowledge about this aspect.…”

Section: Egg Volume/depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecundity and egg volume in Norway lobster (<i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>) from different depths in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea

Mori¹,

Modena²,

Biagi³

2001

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY:The relationships between fecundity and egg volume of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) inhabiting three different depth ranges (200-300, 350-450, and 500-550 m) in the North Tyrrhenian Sea (western Mediterranean) were compared. Fecundity was not dependent on depth and egg volume did not vary with female size. The egg volume of females collected in the shallowest areas (200-450 m) was instead significantly larger than that collected in deeper waters (500-550 m). Possible explanations for this fact are examined.

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The effect of adult nutrition on the reproduction and development of the estuarine nudibranch, Tenellia adspersa (Nordmann, 1845)

Cited by 42 publications

References 23 publications

Bet-hedging dispersal strategy of a specialist marine herbivore: a settlement dimorphism among sibling larvae of Alderia modesta

Bet-hedging dispersal strategy of a specialist marine herbivore: a settlement dimorphism among sibling larvae of Alderia modesta

Repeatability of egg size in two marine gastropods: brood order and female size do not contribute to intraspecific variation

Fecundity and egg volume in Norway lobster (<i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>) from different depths in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea

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