The effect of age on the expression of Interleukin-2

Pahlavani, Mohammad A.; Richardson, Arlan

doi:10.1016/0047-6374(96)01725-3

Cited by 84 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…The present data agree with earlier studies describing a decrease in IL-2 production related to aging (16,28,38), although some reports have shown no significant changes or even an increase in IL-2 expression in response to mitogenic stimulation in older humans and rodents (for reviews, see Ref. 7).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…7,15,16). Some investigators have shown an increase in IL-4 levels in mitogenstimulated cells (for reviews, see Refs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 and 15), although a few discrepant experiments showed no change or an increase in IL-2 production in response to a mitogen in old subjects (for reviews, see Ref. 7). Some reports have shown that leukocytes of aged mice present an increase in IL-4 secretion as well as a decrease of IL-2 production, thus indicating a shift to the TH2 responses due to age (for reviews, see Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the aging process has been associated with a reduction in B and T cell responsiveness to a variety of antigens, a fact that may contribute to the significant increase in the incidence of infectious diseases observed in older individuals (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Simioni

Costa

Tamashiro

2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Aging is accompanied by a decrease in several physiological functions that make older individuals less responsive to environmental challenges. In the present study, we analyzed the immune response of female BALB/c mice (N = 6) of different ages (from 2 to 96 weeks) and identified significant age-related alterations. Immunization with hapten-protein (trinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin) conjugates resulted in lower antibody levels in the primary and secondary responses of old mice (72 weeks old). Moreover, young mice (2, 16, and 32 weeks old) maintained specific antibodies in their sera for longer periods after primary immunization than did old mice. However, a secondary challenge efficiently induced memory in old mice, as shown by the increased antibody levels in their sera. The number of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the spleen increased until 8 weeks of age but there was no change in the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio with aging. Splenic T cells from old mice that had or had not been immunized were less responsive to concanavalin-A and showed reduced cytokine production compared to young mice (IL-2: 57-127 vs 367-1104 pg/mL, IFN-γ: 2344-12,836 vs 752-23,106 pg/mL and IL-10: 393-2172 vs 105-2869 pg/mL in old and young mice, respectively). These data suggest that there are significant changes in the organization of the immune system throughout life. However, the relevance of these alterations for the functioning of the immune system is unknown.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…7,15,16). Some investigators have shown an increase in IL-4 levels in mitogenstimulated cells (for reviews, see Refs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Simioni

Costa

Tamashiro

2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…An older thym us contains mostly macrophages and relatively few lymphocytes (Hirokawa, 1977). Older rodents and humans generate diminished lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens and antigens compared with their young, induction of T-cell differentiation wanes with age, and the proportion of functionally impaired CD4 1 T cells increases with age (Lewis et al, 1978;Kishimoto et al, 1978;Makinodan and Kay, 1980;Nagel et al, 1981;Vie and Miller, 1986;Iwashima et al, 1987;Makinodan et al, 1987;Murasko et al, 1987;Thom an and Weigle, 1989;Utsuyama et al, 1991;El Dem ellawy and El Ridi, 1992;Kariv et al, 1992;Doria and Frasca, 1994;Weksler, 1994;Pahlavani and Richardson, 1996). Evidence in mice and humans points to impaired activity of CD4 1 T cells with increasing age, especially when measured by functional impairment of IL-2 (Pahlavani and Richards, 1996).…”

Section: Tionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age dependent characteristics of protection v. susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum

Jk¹

1998

Annals of Tropical Medicine And Parasitology

192

141

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Methods for investigating age differences in the effects of prolonged exposures

Richardson

Wing

1998

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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People experience physiological changes with age which may lead to changes in sensitivity to many kinds of exposure. In situations of prolonged, low level exposure, differences in the effects of exposures received at different ages may be difficult to evaluate, since study members receive low level exposures over a range of ages. Such investigations require examination of the effects of different age‐patterns of exposure. Three approaches to investigating age‐related variability in the effects of prolonged exposures are described: subcohort analyses; the use of smooth weighting functions; and, the evaluation of separate effects of cumulative exposures received at different age ranges. Each method can contribute to the overall evaluation of age‐specific exposure effects. These methods are illustrated with occupational cohort data for employees of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The methods presented in this paper should facilitate examination of the effects of aging on sensitivity to prolonged exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 33:123–130, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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The effect of age on the expression of Interleukin-2

Cited by 84 publications

References 154 publications

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Aging reduces the primary humoral response and the in vitro cytokine production in mice

Age dependent characteristics of protection v. susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum

Methods for investigating age differences in the effects of prolonged exposures

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