The Effect of Age on Attention Level

Lufi, Dubi; Segev, Shahar; Blum, Adi; Rosen, Tal; Haimov, Iris

doi:10.1177/0091415015614953

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Another possibility is that distractibility and racing thoughts are intrinsically associated, as part of activation symptoms that could be subtended by the same neural me-chanisms. Age and years of education were positively and negatively correlated to scores on this factor only; since attention control declines with age (Lufi et al, 2015), and increases with schooling (Le Carret et al, 2003), we speculate that attention mechanisms may be involved in this particular dimension. In addition to hypomanic symptoms higher worry and anxiety scores were also associated with higher 'thought overexcitability' scores, suggesting that this dimension of ra-cing thoughts might be experienced also as both arousing and distres-sing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Racing thoughts revisited: A key dimension of activation in bipolar disorder

Weiner

Ossola²,

Causin

et al. 2019

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background: Racing and crowded thoughts are frequently reported respectively in manic and mixed episodes of bipolar disorder (BD). However, questionnaires assessing this symptom are lacking. Here we aimed to investigate racing thoughts across different mood episodes of BD through a self-report questionnaire that we developed, the 34-item Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire (RCTQ). In addition to assessing its factor structure and validity, we were interested in the RCTQ's ability to discriminate mixed and non-mixed depression. Methods: 221 BD patients and 120 controls were clinically assessed via the YMRS (mania) and the QIDS-C16 (depression), then fulfilled the RCTQ, rumination, worry, and anxiety measures. Three depression groups were operationalized according to YMRS scores: YMRS scores 2 > 6 and YMRS scores = 1 or 2, for respectively mixed and non-pure depression, and YMRS = 0 for pure-depression. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model of the RCTQ yielded the best fit indices, which improved after the removal of redundant items, resulting in a 13-item questionnaire. Hypomanic and anxiety symptoms were the main predictors of scores; rumination was not a significant predictor. RCTQ results were similar between mixed groups and non-pure depression, and both were higher than in pure-depression. Limitations: Patients' pharmacological treatment might have influenced the results. Conclusions: The 13-item RCTQ captures different facets of racing thoughts heightened in hypomanic and mixed states, but also in depression with subclinical hypomanic/activation symptoms (e.g. non-pure depression characterized by enhanced subjective irritability), suggesting that it is particularly sensitive to activation symptoms in BD, and could become a valuable tool in the follow-up of patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Racing thoughts revisited: A key dimension of activation in bipolar disorder

Weiner

Ossola²,

Causin

et al. 2019

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Our second aim is to determine whether pupillometry as a measure of effort to sustain attention is also applicable to older listeners. Attentive capacity is known to decline with age (e.g., Brosnan et al., 2018; Dørum et al., 2016; Lufi, Segev, Blum, Rosen, & Haimov, 2015; Tu et al., 2018; van der Leeuw et al., 2017). An objective measure of sustained auditory attention would, therefore, be useful to quantify such difficulties and assess intervention outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupillometry as an Objective Measure of Sustained Attention in Young and Older Listeners

et al. 2019

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The ability to sustain attention on a task-relevant sound source while avoiding distraction from concurrent sounds is fundamental to listening in crowded environments. We aimed to (a) devise an experimental paradigm with which this aspect of listening can be isolated and (b) evaluate the applicability of pupillometry as an objective measure of sustained attention in young and older populations. We designed a paradigm that continuously measured behavioral responses and pupillometry during 25-s trials. Stimuli contained a number of concurrent, spectrally distinct tone streams. On each trial, participants detected gaps in one of the streams while resisting distraction from the others. Behavior demonstrated increasing difficulty with time-on-task and with number/proximity of distractor streams. In young listeners (N ¼ 20; aged 18 to 35 years), pupil diameter (on the group and individual level) was dynamically modulated by instantaneous task difficulty: Periods where behavioral performance revealed a strain on sustained attention were accompanied by increased pupil diameter. Only trials on which participants performed successfully were included in the pupillometry analysis so that the observed effects reflect task demands as opposed to failure to attend. In line with existing reports, we observed global changes to pupil dynamics in the older group (N ¼ 19; aged 63 to 79 years) including decreased pupil diameter, limited dilation range, and reduced temporal variability. However, despite these changes, older listeners showed similar effects of attentive tracking to those observed in the young listeners. Overall, our results demonstrate that pupillometry can be a reliable and time-sensitive measure of attentive tracking over long durations in both young and (with caveats) older listeners.

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“…Aging not only brings about changes in sleep quality but has also been found associated with cognitive impairments (Droby et al, 2022;Heckner et al, 2021;Lufi & Haimov, 2018;Lufi, Segev, Blum, Rosen, & Haimov, 2015). The aging process ushers in a plethora of changes across a spectrum of physiological, psychological, and cognitive realms.…”

Section: Cognitive Performance Of Older Adults: Understanding and Imp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Cognitive Training Intervention on Quality of Sleep in Older Adults with Insomnia: A Systematic Review

2024

Psychology Applications &Amp; Developments IX

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The risk of bothreduction in sleep quality and cognitive declineincreases with advanced age, raising the question of whether cognitive training intervention could improve sleep quality in older adults with insomnia. The current study aims to characterize existing literature on the possible effects of cognitive training intervention on sleep quality in older adults with insomnia. Evidence suggests that among older adults with insomnia cognitive training intervention (either personalized or in a group) improved sleep quality. The possibility of improving the sleep quality of these patients with a non-pharmacological treatment is an encouraging new concept that requires in-depth testing.

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The Effect of Age on Attention Level

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Racing thoughts revisited: A key dimension of activation in bipolar disorder

Racing thoughts revisited: A key dimension of activation in bipolar disorder

Pupillometry as an Objective Measure of Sustained Attention in Young and Older Listeners

The Effects of Cognitive Training Intervention on Quality of Sleep in Older Adults with Insomnia: A Systematic Review

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