The effect of alkaline–surfactant on the wettability, relative permeability and oil recovery of carbonate reservoir rock: experimental investigation

Abstract

Due to the increasing demand and the price of hydrocarbon fuels, today, cost-effective enhanced recovery of oil and gas reservoirs has become one of the most interesting research topics. Since the Iranian reservoirs have a considerable potential to apply the chemical EOR processes, it seems that extensive research in this field is inevitable. One of the most important enhanced oil recovery techniques is injecting alkaline-surfactant into the reservoir. Although injecting alkaline-surfactant has been investigated in many researches, few studies reported on the effect of this process on the oil/water relative permeabilities which control the recovery performance. Today, the need for EOR processes is critical. One of the newest ideas for this respect is the concept of altering the rock wettability to more water wet. This phenomenon leads to making a path for oil in the larger routes, therefore increasing the recovery. In most cases, waterflooding has a low effect and by increasing the water production, the oil recovery becomes non-economical. In most studies, the effect of solution injection has been considered. In this study, we have investigated the effect of chemicals on interfacial tension and the wettability alteration based on relative permeability curves. In this work, using three surfactants, anionic (SDS), cationic (CTAB) and nonionic (Triton X-100), with sodium carbonate alkaline, relative permeabilities, wettability, IFT and the recovery efficiency in the porous media in the core scale have been investigated. The results show that cationic surfactant has the most effect on reduction in IFT and changing the wettability to water wetness, which has 70% recovery factor. Anionic surfactant has a greater effect on the reduction in interfacial tension in comparison with nonionic surfactant. Furthermore, nonionic surfactant has the most effect on changing the wettability to water wetness in comparison with anionic surfactant. Moreover, the recovery enhancement in the case of injection of alkaline-nonionic surfactant (67%) is more considerable than alkaline-anionic (65%).

Modelling of continuous surfactant flooding application for marginal oilfields: a case study of Bentiu reservoir

“…Ultimately, the current case is representing medium oil which makes the generation of bulk oil as expected. A similar observation has been noticed in previous work by Hosseini et al (2019). The recovery factor trend, as seen in Fig.…”

Application of Functionalized Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Using CTAB and SDS for Oil Separation from Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsions

“…This observation is consistent with the studies in the literature, indicating cationic surfactants (e.g., CTAB) as being more effective compared to anionic surfactants (e.g., SDS) in changing the wettability toward water wet. 42,43 The water droplets spread immediately on the surface of MNP@CTAB and reach a CA of 0°within 2 s. In addition, the dodecane droplets spread rapidly on the MNP-S@CTAB surfaces and give a CA of 0°. The results verify the hydrophilic and oleophilic properties of MNP-S@CTAB.…”

Effect of pH on the Dominant Mechanisms of Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Water in Fractured Carbonates

“…Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are commonly utilized to recover trapped oil in the matrix. These methods include miscible/immiscible gas injections, surfactant, alkali, polymer, and nanoparticles. − Low salinity water (LSW) and engineered (smart) water (EW) have gained significant attention among the various EOR techniques due to their ability to alter the wettability of reservoir rocks toward a more water-wet state, thereby improving oil recovery. , Previous studies have also demonstrated that LSW and EW are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and easy to implement . Combining LSW or EW with chemicals can create an effective hybrid EOR method that enhances oil recovery. − …”