The Effect of Alkaline Treatment onto Physical, Thermal, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Lemba Leaves Fibres as New Resources of Biomass

Nasir, Nur Aina Farhana Mat; Jamaluddin, Jamarosliza; Zainudin, Zuraidah; Busheri, Mahirah Muhammad; Adrus, Nadia; Azim, Fatria Syaimima Syaiful; Hasham, Rosnani

doi:10.47836/pjst.28.4.21

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The hemicellulose has almost entirely dissolved at the temperature range, while the lignin has remained to disintegrate gradually. 116 In other terms, conversion beneath 20% is predominantly caused by hemicellulose and lignin, and when conversion increased, so did their respective quantities. The E a of lignocellulosic content were also estimated to be 98-115, 200-220, and 25-55 kJ/mol for cellulose, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, respectively, by Gronli et al, 120 and Yao et al, 41 Thus, when the conversion rate is lower than 30%, untreated composite thermal breakdown tendencies are significantly different.…”

Section: Kinetic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of the alkali treatment on the tempo‐modified cellulosic nanoreinforcement in autoclaved epoxy matrix

Mishra,

Sinha

2023

Polymer Composites

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Investigators increased interest in composites with novel natural fibers beholds significant progress globally over the past decade. Moringa oleifera seed filler is among the few newly known novel fiber‐rich in cellulose and meagrely used in commercial industries. This research article used a broad characterization of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐modified Moringa oleifera cellulosic nanoreinforcement/epoxy composites to verify its potential as a feasible substitute for synthetic fibers in polymer composites. Composites were fabricated at a fixed filler size of 300–500 nm with a loading of 15 wt% untreated and alkali‐treated composites through the two processes: hand lay‐up followed by autoclave curing. The properties, such as, static and dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability, have been studied for untreated and treated composites. Composites with 5 wt% alkali treatment TEMPO‐modified nano‐cellulosic filler (TMCF) loading possesses superior water resistance, interfacial surface chemistry, and mechanical property compared to autoclaved epoxy and the untreated composite. Four isoconversional methods, Friedman, Coats‐Redfern, Broido, and Kissinger, were utilized to investigate the degradation behavior and kinetic parameters like activation energy of composites. Composites that have been 5 wt% mercerized exhibit greater thermal resilience and activation energy of 250 kJ/mol, which is 20% greater than the untreated sample. This study validates the 5 wt% alkali treated TMCF as a novel sustainable and bio‐reinforcement in polymer composite for semi‐structural applications.

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Section: Kinetic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results are observed in traditional fiber composites like sisal and rice husk. 115,116 As a result, composite materials that are surface modified have higher thermal efficiency.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the alkali treatment on the tempo‐modified cellulosic nanoreinforcement in autoclaved epoxy matrix

Mishra,

Sinha

2023

Polymer Composites

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“…Over the decades, there are many studies on the effect of the alkali treatment onto the fiber regenerated from plants such as rice, pineapple and other different sources (Asim et al., 2016; Cheng et al., 2010; Mat Nasir et al., 2020; Sarah et al., 2018). Particularly, about 4% to 5% of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration was described as optimum concentration to extract rice straw fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of cellulose from rice straw for regeneration of hydrogels

Lai

Jamaluddin

Nasir

et al. 2021

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the optimum sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (2 to 12 wt%) for extraction of cellulose from agricultural waste -rice straw fiber towards preparation of cellulose-based hydrogel. The increase in weight loss with increasing alkaline concentration, suggested that delignification took place progressively up to 6 wt% NaOH as supported by reduction in color intensity of the fiber and chemical analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).After extraction, the cellulose was firstly dissolved in N,N'-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride solution. Then, hydrogel was regenerated via phase inversion in ethanol.Remarkably, the highest swelling, gel fraction, tensile strength, and elongation at break (EB) were also found for hydrogels when regenerated from cellulose treated with 6 wt% NaOH. This study verifies that 6 wt% of NaOH is the optimum concentration for cellulose extraction that enhances the key aspects of good properties of cellulose hydrogels. The uniqueness findings of the study is, the swelling ratio and EB increase although gel fraction and tensile strength also increases which has never been reported. Ultimately, extraction of cellulose from waste to produce hydrogels may have novel impact for solving under-utilized biomass as well as good prospects as biomaterials.

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“…Since there is probable danger of smelt explosions, the dry solids content of heavy black liquor (HBL) should be a minimum of 58%. Nowadays, the dry solids content of 70% to75% is normal, and even 80% to 85% is the target value for the dry solids content with wood to increase the chemical recovery furnace thermal efficiency (Naqvi et al, 2010;Nasir et al, 2020;Low & Ong, 2020), with agricultural residues black liquor, is normally in the range of 60% to 65 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water quantity removed during this interval is comparatively small compared to the initial stage and the time engaged was extensive. The longer time interval required during the falling rate period in conventional evaporation means excess consumption of energy (Mujumdar, 2007;Nasir et al, 2020). Generally, the usual evaporators used in the paper industry are falling film, rising film and forced circulation evaporators (Haghsheno & Kouhikamali, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modelling of Infra-Red Evaporation Characteristics of Wheat Straw Black Liquor

Singh¹,

Jawaid²,

Yadav³

et al. 2021

JST

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Infrared (IR) evaporation characteristics of Weak Soda Black Liquor (WSBL) were determined at five different temperatures of 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120oC. The effect of constant temperature on evaporation rate and moisture content (on a dry basis) of 1.5 gm approx. WSBL tests were contemplated and required a careful time frame of IR dissipation to vanish the dampness content at a different consistent temperature. The dissipation rate expanded with expanding infrared temperature. Therefore, different numerical models, such as Page and Logarithmic, Henderson, Pabis and Lewis, were utilised to fit the experimental data properly. A Gaussian model equation was developed for evaporation rate and moisture fraction of black liquor. The probable empirical parameters, along with the relating of reduced chi-square (X2), Residual Sum of Square (RSS), and coefficients of determination (adjusted R2) from non-linear regression analysis of all the numerical model equations, were examined. In addition, the effect of evaporation temperature on the water removal rate, the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy were also estimated. The effective diffusion coefficient ranges from 2.67 × 10–10 m2/s to 10.4 × 10–10 m2/s, and the activation energy was 39.19 kJ/mol. The statistical indicators (chi-square and determination coefficient) showed that the Decay model equation and Gaussian equation are the most suitable models for describing the evaporation process of WSBL.

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The Effect of Alkaline Treatment onto Physical, Thermal, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Lemba Leaves Fibres as New Resources of Biomass

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Optimization of the alkali treatment on the tempo‐modified cellulosic nanoreinforcement in autoclaved epoxy matrix

Optimization of the alkali treatment on the tempo‐modified cellulosic nanoreinforcement in autoclaved epoxy matrix

Extraction of cellulose from rice straw for regeneration of hydrogels

Mathematical Modelling of Infra-Red Evaporation Characteristics of Wheat Straw Black Liquor

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