The effect of amifostine on bacterial translocation after radiation ınduced acute enteritis

Taş, Şükrü; Özkul, Faruk; Arik, Muhammet Kasım; Kiraz, Aslı Öztürk; Vural, Ahmet

doi:10.1590/s0102-865020160030000002

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This increases the opportunity for surviving bacteria to translocate to mesenteric lymph nodes, as we observed seven days following pelvic irradiation, and as reported using plate counting. 43 , 49 These data highlight the effect of pelvic irradiation on intestinal barrier integrity and bacterial translocation in vivo, which may entail the dissemination of pathogens throughout the body as well as of the development of chronic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation

Segers

Mysara

Claesen

et al. 2021

ISME Communications

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Pelvic radiotherapy is known to evoke intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis. Currently, there are no effective therapies available to mitigate these injuries, which is partly due to a lack of insight into the events causing mucositis and dysbiosis. Here, the complex interplay between the murine host and its microbiome following pelvic irradiation was mapped by characterizing intestinal mucositis along with extensive 16S microbial profiling. We demonstrated important morphological and inflammatory implications within one day after exposure, thereby impairing intestinal functionality and inducing translocation of intraluminal bacteria into mesenteric lymph nodes as innovatively quantified by flow cytometry. Concurrent 16S microbial profiling revealed a delayed impact of pelvic irradiation on beta diversity. Analysis of composition of microbiomes identified biomarkers for pelvic irradiation. Among them, members of the families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae were differentially affected. Altogether, our unprecedented findings showed how pelvic irradiation evoked structural and functional changes in the intestine, which secondarily resulted in a microbiome shift. Therefore, the presented in vivo irradiation-gut-microbiome platform allows further research into the pathobiology of pelvic irradiation-induced intestinal mucositis and resultant dysbiosis, as well as the exploration of mitigating treatments including drugs and food supplements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation

Segers

Mysara

Claesen

et al. 2021

ISME Communications

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“…3,6,30 Because colonic epithelial junctional complexes and barrier functions are highly sensitive to radiation, 4 radiation-induced colitis is a common clinical problem associated with radiotherapy and accidental exposure to ionizing radiation. The condition may also lead to alterations of the gut microbiota and induce colonic endotoxemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebamipide alleviates radiation‐induced colitis through improvement of goblet cell differentiation in mice

Jang

Park

Lee

et al. 2018

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and Aim: Radiation-induced colitis is a common clinical problem associated with radiotherapy and accidental exposure to ionizing radiation. Goblet cells play a pivotal role in the intestinal barrier against pathogenic bacteria. Rebamipide, an anti-gastric ulcer drug, has the effects to promote goblet cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiation-induced colonic injury could be alleviated by rebamipide. Methods: This study orally administered rebamipide for 6 days to mice, which were subjected to 13 Gy abdominal irradiation, to evaluate the therapeutic effects of rebamipide against radiation-induced colitis. To confirm the effects of rebamipide on irradiated colonic epithelial cells, this study used the HT29 cell line. Results: Rebamipide clearly alleviated the acute radiation-induced colitis, as reflected by the histopathological data, and significantly increased the number of goblet cells. The drug also inhibited intestinal inflammation and protected from bacterial translocation during acute radiation-induced colitis. Furthermore, rebamipide significantly increased mucin 2 expression in both the irradiated mouse colon and human colonic epithelial cells. Additionally, rebamipide accelerated not only the recovery of defective tight junctions but also the differentiation of impaired goblet cells in an irradiated colonic epithelium, which indicates that rebamipide has beneficial effects on the colon. Conclusions: Rebamipide is a therapeutic candidate for radiation-induced colitis, owing to its ability to inhibit inflammation and protect the colonic epithelial barrier.

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“…Complications such as refractory ulcers, abdominal infection and abdominal abscess can also be detected. [11] Scarring and fibrosis results in intestinal stenosis and obstruction. Intestinal fistula can occur in severe cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiofrequency ablation in a patient with radiation enteritis

Shen

Liu²,

Zhu³

2018

Medicine

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Rationale: Radiation enteritis (RE) is one of the serious complications caused by the radiotherapy and it can occur in any segment of the intestine, including small intestine, colon, and rectum. It can cause a number of serious problems of the intestine, such as chronic ulcers, bleeding, intestinal stenosis, intestinal fistula, and perforation. At present, there is no standard treatment guideline for the RE. Patient Concerns: A 54-year-old male patient received surgery and chemotherapy for rectal cancer and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for a single metastatic carcinoma of the liver. Three years later, he was diagnosed with recurrent lesion in the rectal anastomotic stoma and was treated with radiotherapy with a total dose of 70 Gy. Following this, he had persistent abdominal pain and diarrhea for 1 year. Diagnoses: Colonoscopy confirmed a diagnosis of RE. Interventions: Since intestinal probiotics, intestinal mucosal protectants, antidiarrheal drugs, and other treatments were not effective; the patient was treated by RFA. Outcomes: Clinical symptoms of the patient were gradually decreased after the RFA. Colonoscopy examination was performed 3 months later and intestinal mucosa was found to have healed well. Lessons: RFA is an effective treatment for patients with RE, and it is expected to be one of the standard treatments for the RE.

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The effect of amifostine on bacterial translocation after radiation ınduced acute enteritis

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation

Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation

Rebamipide alleviates radiation‐induced colitis through improvement of goblet cell differentiation in mice

Radiofrequency ablation in a patient with radiation enteritis

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