The effect of aroclor 1254 (PCB) on the physiology of reproduction in the female rat—I

Brezner, Esther; Terkel, Joseph; Perry, A. S.

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(84)90131-2

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Fewer implantation sites were reported in the Orberg and Kihlstrom study (23) (statistics based on implantations/corpora lutea for pooled group data). Brezner et al (25) reported fewer "copulations" in treated animals than in controls (80 versus 100%). Thus, parameters other than estrous cycle suggest adverse effects on female reproductive function.…”

Section: Effects On Estrous Cycle and Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The studies reporting the effect used agents with a greater chlorine content and administered the agent in single daily doses rather than in feed, thus possibly producing higher peak plasma levels. Also, two studies (23,25) reporting an effect used the individual cycles, pooled across individuals within groups, as the unit for statistical analysis. Thus, the analysis did not take into account the fact that the cycles, obtained from multiple observations in each animal, were not independent events.…”

Section: Effects On Estrous Cycle and Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive Toxicity of Commercial PCB Mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from Animal Studies

Golub¹,

Donald²,

Reyes³

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

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This paper reviews the developmental/reproductive toxicity ofcommercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures in anhnals and reports on the "no-observable-adverse-effect levels" (NOAEI) and "lowest-observable-adverse-effect levels" (LOAELs) fromthese Identc nof the lwest effective doses for reproductive toxicity of PCB mixtures is diffiult becas avariety of roductive and _o effects have been reported in several species using different commercial mixtures. Factors to be considered include sensitiv of the end point, sensitivity of species, study quality, biological plausibility, and relevance to humans. End points affected at the lowest doses (sensitive end points) included postnatal groWth, dedopment, and functio Among species for whom seniiv end points have been evaluated, a LOAEL of0.25 mg/kg/day was identified for rodents on the basis ofdevelopmentl delas in growth and behavioral hfncon, and a LOEL of&MO mg/kday was identified for nonhuman at based on tal skin hyperpgmentation. NOELs were not identifiable for these sensitive end points because effects were reported at the lowest doses tested.

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Section: Effects On Estrous Cycle and Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Effects On Estrous Cycle and Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Toxicity of Commercial PCB Mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from Animal Studies

Golub¹,

Donald²,

Reyes³

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Their coupling and actions through Ah receptors resemble those observed with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and related substances (1)(2)(3). PCDFs, and to a lesser extent TCDD, are found in increasing concentrations in aging PCB mixtures and in samples from heated and/or burned PCBs (2,(4)(5)(6). The mono-ortho-substituted PCB congeners also exhibit Ah receptor agonist activity (7), but with lower potency than coplanar congeners.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Acute effects of polychlorinated biphenyl-containing and -free transformer fluids on rat testicular steroidogenesis.

Andrić

Kostic

Dragisic

et al. 2000

Environ Health Perspect

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Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-based transformer fluids belong to a class of environmentally persistent mixtures with known toxic effects. Here, we studied the acute effects of Askarel (which contains Aroclor 1260) and two substitute transformer fluids (the silicone oil-based DC561 and the mineral oil-based ENOL C) on rat testicular steroidogenesis. Single intraperitoneal (ip; 10 mg/kg body weight) or bilateral intratesticular (itt; 25 microg/testis) injections of Askarel markedly decreased serum androgen levels 24 hr after administration. In acute testicular cultures from these animals, chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone and androgen productions were severely attenuated. When itt was injected or added in vitro, Askarel inhibited 3ss-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3ssHSD), stimulated 17[alpha]-hydroxylase/lyase (P450c17), and did not affect 17ss-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in testicular postmitochondrial fractions. The ip-injected Askarel did not affect 3ssHSD, but inhibited P450c17, suggesting that a more intensive metabolism of peripherally injected Askarel reduces the circulating levels of active ingredients below the threshold needed for inhibition of 3ssHSD and generates a derivative that inhibits P450c17. In contrast to Askarel, itt-injection (25 microg/testis) of DC561 and ENOL C did not affect in vivo and in vitro steroidogenesis. These findings show the acute effects of Askarel, but not silicone and mineral oils, on testicular steroidogenesis.

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“…In adult animals (mice, rats, and monkeys) treated with PCBs (Clophen A-60 or Aroclor 1254), there is evidence of increased estrous/menstrual cycle lengths (36,67,68) and evidence of anovulation in the monkeys (36). Effects of PCBs on the estrous cycle, however, have not been found in another study in rats treated with Aroclor 1242 (3.7 or 7.5 mg/kg/day for 36 weeks).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The reproductive toxicology of Great Lakes contaminants.

Foster

1995

Environ Health Perspect

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The Great Lakes basin is characterized as a heavily populated and industrialized region in which a large number of environmental contaminants have been identified. Both the scientific community and the public have voiced concern that contaminants present in the Great Lakes may pose undue risk to human reproduction. Evidence from animal experiments, wildlife studies, and reports of occupational and accidental human exposures indicate that chemical contaminants can adversely affect reproduction. The purpose of this paper is to review the reproductive toxicity of some of the many contaminants known to be present in the Great Lakes. Since the number of chemicals present in the Great Lakes is far too great for each to be adequately reviewed here, discussion will be limited to those contaminants that have been identified in human serum, ovarian follicular fluid, and semen obtained from people residing in the Great Lakes region. It is concluded that a) the data at present is too limited to support the notion that reproduction, in the general population, has been impaired by exposure to chemicals present in the Great Lakes; b) the lack of data in some cases such as for hexachloroethane and 1,2,4-trichlobenzene does provide reason for concern and underscores the need for further research in this area; and c) the potential for a number of the compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(pchlorophenyl) ethane (DDT), to disrupt endocrine functions suggests that additive or synergistic effects of these compounds may already be causing adverse effects on reproduction in sensitive individuals, which needs to be explored. -Environ Health Perspect 1 03(Suppl 9): 63-69 (1995)

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The effect of aroclor 1254 (PCB) on the physiology of reproduction in the female rat—I

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Reproductive Toxicity of Commercial PCB Mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from Animal Studies

Reproductive Toxicity of Commercial PCB Mixtures: LOAELs and NOAELs from Animal Studies

Acute effects of polychlorinated biphenyl-containing and -free transformer fluids on rat testicular steroidogenesis.

The reproductive toxicology of Great Lakes contaminants.

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