The effect of arylazido aminopropionyl ATP on atropine resistant contractions of the cat urinary bladder

The effects of nicotine on spontaneous contractions of cat urinary bladder in situ

“…Quinidine (a P2-receptor antagonist; Burnstock, 1980) also antagonized the nicotine response, an effect which could be due to the block of entry of nicotine into the noradrenergic or purinergic nerve terminals (see Theobald, 1983b). The principal active substance released by nonadrenergic non-cholinergic nerves is a purine nucleotide, probably ATP and the nerves have therefore been termed purinergic (Burnstock, 1972;1980;Theobald, 1982;1983a). The predominant response to ATP in smooth muscle is a relaxation; excitatory responses occur in the urinary bladder (Ambache & Zar, 1970;Burnstock et al, 1972;Creed & Tulloch, 1982).…”

Purinergic signalling in the urinary tract in health and disease

“…Reactive blue 2 was also shown to inhibit the responses to ATP and to NANC nerve stimulation in both guinea-pig and rat bladders [150]. At about this time, arylazido-aminopropionyl ATP (ANAPP 3 ) was also proposed as a specific antagonist to ATP [298] and was shown to inhibit contractile responses of the cat and guinea-pig bladder to both ATP and pelvic or intramural nerve stimulation [52,664,721]. In the rabbit bladder ANAPP 3 blocked the atropine-resistant neurogenic response, but apparently not responses to exogenous ATP [442].…”

“…This nerve is predominantly sympathetic, but may also contain parasympathetic elements (see [430]). When the hypogastric nerve is stimulated in the cat it causes the bladder to contract; this contraction is reduced by ANAPP 3 [663,664,670], implying that ATP is being released. Furthermore, 6-hydroxydopamine, which destroys sympathetic nerves, prevents this contractile response, indicating that the ATP is released from sympathetic nerves [665].…”

“…Pharmacological studies of the cat bladder in vivo [206,238,419] showed a clear atropine-resistant contraction evoked by pelvic nerve stimulation, which had a purinergic component [664]. Purinergic transmission also contributes to bladder contractions evoked by stimulation of the hypogastric (sympathetic) nerves [665].…”

High‐ and low‐affinity binding sites for [3H]‐α,β‐methylene ATP in rat urinary bladder membranes

“…Excitatory purinergic responses have been reported in bladders of rabbit (Dean & Downie, 1978), guinea-pig (Burnstock et al, 1978), rat (Burnstock et al, 1972), mouse (Acevedo & Contreras, 1985), ferret and marmoset (Moss & Burnstock, 1985), and cat (Theobald, 1983). In human isolated bladder strips adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) can induce concentration-dependent contractions (Husted et al, 1983;Hoyle et al, 1989).…”